IL-1β-dependent activation of dendritic epidermal T cells in contact hypersensitivity.
Journal Article (Journal Article)
Substances that penetrate the skin surface can act as allergens and induce a T cell-mediated inflammatory skin disease called contact hypersensitivity (CHS). IL-17 is a key cytokine in CHS and was originally thought to be produced solely by CD4(+) T cells. However, it is now known that several cell types, including γδ T cells, can produce IL-17. In this study, we determine the role of γδ T cells, especially dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs), in CHS. Using a well-established model for CHS in which 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) is used as allergen, we found that γδ T cells are important players in CHS. Thus, more IL-17-producing DETCs appear in the skin following exposure to DNFB in wild-type mice, and DNFB-induced ear swelling is reduced by ∼50% in TCRδ(-/-) mice compared with wild-type mice. In accordance, DNFB-induced ear swelling was reduced by ∼50% in IL-17(-/-) mice. We show that DNFB triggers DETC activation and IL-1β production in the skin and that keratinocytes produce IL-1β when stimulated with DNFB. We find that DETCs activated in vitro by incubation with anti-CD3 and IL-1β produce IL-17. Importantly, we demonstrate that the IL-1R antagonist anakinra significantly reduces CHS responses, as measured by decreased ear swelling, inhibition of local DETC activation, and a reduction in the number of IL-17(+) γδ T cells and DETCs in the draining lymph nodes. Taken together, we show that DETCs become activated and produce IL-17 in an IL-1β-dependent manner during CHS, suggesting a key role for DETCs in CHS.
Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Nielsen, MM; Lovato, P; MacLeod, AS; Witherden, DA; Skov, L; Dyring-Andersen, B; Dabelsteen, S; Woetmann, A; Ødum, N; Havran, WL; Geisler, C; Bonefeld, CM
Published Date
- April 1, 2014
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 192 / 7
Start / End Page
- 2975 - 2983
PubMed ID
- 24600030
Pubmed Central ID
- PMC4020443
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 1550-6606
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.4049/jimmunol.1301689
Language
- eng
Conference Location
- United States