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Prevalence of undiagnosed depression among persons with hypertension and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in urban Nepal.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Neupane, D; Panthi, B; McLachlan, CS; Mishra, SR; Kohrt, BA; Kallestrup, P
Published in: PLoS One
2015

BACKGROUND: Despite an increasing number of studies exploring prevalence of depression among hypertensive patients in high income countries, limited data is available from low and middle income countries, particularly Nepal. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of undiagnosed (sub clinical) depression and associated risk factors among hypertensive patients attending a tertiary health care clinic in Nepal. METHODS: The study was based on a cross-sectional study design, with 321 hypertensive patients attending the Out-Patient Department of a central hospital in Nepal. Blood measure was recorded via a mercury column sphygmomanometer. Depression levels were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-Ia (BDI) scale. Demographics and risk factors were assessed. RESULT: The proportion of participants with undiagnosed depression was 15%. Multivariable analyses demonstrated an increase in BDI scores with increased aging. Approximately a 1 point increase in the BDI score was observed for each additional decade of aging in hypertensive patients. Additional factors associated with increased risk of depression included being female (4.28 point BDI score increase), smoking (5.61 point BDI score increase), being hypertensive with no hypertensive medication (4.46 point BDI score increase) and being illiterate (4.46 point BDI score increase). CONCLUSIONS: Among persons with hypertension in outpatient settings in Nepal, demographic (age, sex, education), behavioural (smoking,) and adherence factors (anti-hypertensive medication) were associated with undiagnosed depression. Screening programs in Nepal may assist early intervention in hypertensive patients with sub clinical depression.

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Published In

PLoS One

DOI

EISSN

1932-6203

Publication Date

2015

Volume

10

Issue

2

Start / End Page

e0117329

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Urban Population
  • Risk Factors
  • Prevalence
  • Outpatients
  • Nepal
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Hypertension
  • Humans
  • General Science & Technology
 

Citation

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Neupane, D., Panthi, B., McLachlan, C. S., Mishra, S. R., Kohrt, B. A., & Kallestrup, P. (2015). Prevalence of undiagnosed depression among persons with hypertension and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in urban Nepal. PLoS One, 10(2), e0117329. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117329
Neupane, Dinesh, Bindu Panthi, Craig S. McLachlan, Shiva Raj Mishra, Brandon A. Kohrt, and Per Kallestrup. “Prevalence of undiagnosed depression among persons with hypertension and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in urban Nepal.PLoS One 10, no. 2 (2015): e0117329. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117329.
Neupane D, Panthi B, McLachlan CS, Mishra SR, Kohrt BA, Kallestrup P. Prevalence of undiagnosed depression among persons with hypertension and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in urban Nepal. PLoS One. 2015;10(2):e0117329.
Neupane, Dinesh, et al. “Prevalence of undiagnosed depression among persons with hypertension and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in urban Nepal.PLoS One, vol. 10, no. 2, 2015, p. e0117329. Pubmed, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117329.
Neupane D, Panthi B, McLachlan CS, Mishra SR, Kohrt BA, Kallestrup P. Prevalence of undiagnosed depression among persons with hypertension and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in urban Nepal. PLoS One. 2015;10(2):e0117329.

Published In

PLoS One

DOI

EISSN

1932-6203

Publication Date

2015

Volume

10

Issue

2

Start / End Page

e0117329

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Urban Population
  • Risk Factors
  • Prevalence
  • Outpatients
  • Nepal
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Hypertension
  • Humans
  • General Science & Technology