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The effects of nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors on working memory and associated brain function.

Publication ,  Journal Article
McClernon, FJ; Froeliger, B; Rose, JE; Kozink, RV; Addicott, MA; Sweitzer, MM; Westman, EC; Van Wert, DM
Published in: Addict Biol
July 2016

Smoking abstinence impairs executive function, which may promote continued smoking behavior and relapse. The differential influence of nicotine and non-nicotine (i.e. sensory, motor) smoking factors and related neural substrates is not known. In a fully factorial, within-subjects design, 33 smokers underwent fMRI scanning following 24 hours of wearing a nicotine or placebo patch while smoking very low nicotine content cigarettes or remaining abstinent from smoking. During scanning, blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal was acquired while participants performed a verbal N-back task. Following 24-hour placebo (versus nicotine) administration, accuracy on the N-back task was significantly worse and task-related BOLD signal lower in dorsomedial frontal cortex. These effects were observed irrespective of smoking. Our data provide novel evidence that abstinence-induced deficits in working memory and changes in underlying brain function are due in large part to abstinence from nicotine compared with non-nicotine factors. This work has implications both for designing interventions that target abstinence-induced cognitive deficits and for nicotine-reduction policy.

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Published In

Addict Biol

DOI

EISSN

1369-1600

Publication Date

July 2016

Volume

21

Issue

4

Start / End Page

954 / 961

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • Substance Abuse
  • Smoking Cessation
  • Smoking
  • Psychomotor Performance
  • Nicotine
  • Middle Aged
  • Memory, Short-Term
  • Male
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
 

Citation

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Chicago
ICMJE
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McClernon, F. J., Froeliger, B., Rose, J. E., Kozink, R. V., Addicott, M. A., Sweitzer, M. M., … Van Wert, D. M. (2016). The effects of nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors on working memory and associated brain function. Addict Biol, 21(4), 954–961. https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12253
McClernon, Francis Joseph, Brett Froeliger, Jed E. Rose, Rachel V. Kozink, Merideth A. Addicott, Maggie M. Sweitzer, Eric C. Westman, and Dana M. Van Wert. “The effects of nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors on working memory and associated brain function.Addict Biol 21, no. 4 (July 2016): 954–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12253.
McClernon FJ, Froeliger B, Rose JE, Kozink RV, Addicott MA, Sweitzer MM, et al. The effects of nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors on working memory and associated brain function. Addict Biol. 2016 Jul;21(4):954–61.
McClernon, Francis Joseph, et al. “The effects of nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors on working memory and associated brain function.Addict Biol, vol. 21, no. 4, July 2016, pp. 954–61. Pubmed, doi:10.1111/adb.12253.
McClernon FJ, Froeliger B, Rose JE, Kozink RV, Addicott MA, Sweitzer MM, Westman EC, Van Wert DM. The effects of nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors on working memory and associated brain function. Addict Biol. 2016 Jul;21(4):954–961.
Journal cover image

Published In

Addict Biol

DOI

EISSN

1369-1600

Publication Date

July 2016

Volume

21

Issue

4

Start / End Page

954 / 961

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • Substance Abuse
  • Smoking Cessation
  • Smoking
  • Psychomotor Performance
  • Nicotine
  • Middle Aged
  • Memory, Short-Term
  • Male
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging