Skip to main content
Journal cover image

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Heart Failure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Bloomfield, GS; Alenezi, F; Barasa, FA; Lumsden, R; Mayosi, BM; Velazquez, EJ
Published in: JACC Heart Fail
August 2015

Successful combination therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has transformed this disease from a short-lived infection with high mortality to a chronic disease associated with increasing life expectancy. This is true for high- as well as low- and middle-income countries. As a result of this increased life expectancy, people living with HIV are now at risk of developing other chronic diseases associated with aging. Heart failure has been common among people living with HIV in the eras of pre- and post- availability of antiretroviral therapy; however, our current understanding of the pathogenesis and approaches to management have not been systematically addressed. HIV may cause heart failure through direct (e.g., viral replication, mitochondrial dysfunction, cardiac autoimmunity, autonomic dysfunction) and indirect (e.g., opportunistic infections, antiretroviral therapy, alcohol abuse, micronutrient deficiency, tobacco use) pathways. In low- and middle-income countries, 2 large observational studies have recently reported clinical characteristics and outcomes in these patients. HIV-associated heart failure remains a common cardiac diagnosis in people living with heart failure, yet a unifying set of diagnostic criteria is lacking. Treatment patterns for heart failure fall short of society guidelines. Although there may be promise in cardiac glycosides for treating heart failure in people living with HIV, clinical studies are needed to validate in vitro findings. Owing to the burden of HIV in low- and middle-income countries and the concurrent rise of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, strategic and concerted efforts in this area are likely to impact the care of people living with HIV around the globe.

Duke Scholars

Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats

Published In

JACC Heart Fail

DOI

EISSN

2213-1787

Publication Date

August 2015

Volume

3

Issue

8

Start / End Page

579 / 590

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Life Expectancy
  • Internationality
  • Humans
  • Heart Failure
  • HIV Infections
  • Forecasting
  • Developing Countries
  • Developed Countries
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Bloomfield, G. S., Alenezi, F., Barasa, F. A., Lumsden, R., Mayosi, B. M., & Velazquez, E. J. (2015). Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Heart Failure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. JACC Heart Fail, 3(8), 579–590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2015.05.003
Bloomfield, Gerald S., Fawaz Alenezi, Felix A. Barasa, Rebecca Lumsden, Bongani M. Mayosi, and Eric J. Velazquez. “Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Heart Failure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.JACC Heart Fail 3, no. 8 (August 2015): 579–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2015.05.003.
Bloomfield GS, Alenezi F, Barasa FA, Lumsden R, Mayosi BM, Velazquez EJ. Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Heart Failure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. JACC Heart Fail. 2015 Aug;3(8):579–90.
Bloomfield, Gerald S., et al. “Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Heart Failure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.JACC Heart Fail, vol. 3, no. 8, Aug. 2015, pp. 579–90. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2015.05.003.
Bloomfield GS, Alenezi F, Barasa FA, Lumsden R, Mayosi BM, Velazquez EJ. Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Heart Failure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. JACC Heart Fail. 2015 Aug;3(8):579–590.
Journal cover image

Published In

JACC Heart Fail

DOI

EISSN

2213-1787

Publication Date

August 2015

Volume

3

Issue

8

Start / End Page

579 / 590

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Life Expectancy
  • Internationality
  • Humans
  • Heart Failure
  • HIV Infections
  • Forecasting
  • Developing Countries
  • Developed Countries
  • Cross-Sectional Studies