Detection of halogenated flame retardants in polyurethane foam by particle induced X-ray emission
A novel application of particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) has been developed to detect the presence of chlorinated and brominated flame retardant chemicals in polyurethane foams. Traditional Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) methods for the detection and identification of halogenated flame retardants in foams require extensive sample preparation and data acquisition time. The elemental analysis of the halogens in polyurethane foam performed by PIXE offers the opportunity to identify the presence of halogenated flame retardants in a fraction of the time and sample preparation cost. Through comparative GC-MS and PIXE analysis of 215 foam samples, excellent agreement between the two methods was obtained. These results suggest that PIXE could be an ideal rapid screening method for the presence of chlorinated and brominated flame retardants in polyurethane foams.
Duke Scholars
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Related Subject Headings
- Applied Physics
- 5106 Nuclear and plasma physics
- 5104 Condensed matter physics
- 0915 Interdisciplinary Engineering
- 0402 Geochemistry
- 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Citation
Published In
DOI
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Start / End Page
Related Subject Headings
- Applied Physics
- 5106 Nuclear and plasma physics
- 5104 Condensed matter physics
- 0915 Interdisciplinary Engineering
- 0402 Geochemistry
- 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics