Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma: A Clinicopathologic Review With an Emphasis on Diagnostic Differentiation From Other T-Cell/Natural Killer-Cell Neoplasms.
Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma is a rare, aggressive T-cell lymphoma, characterized by hepatosplenic sinusoidal infiltration of monotonous, medium-sized, nonactivated cytotoxic T cells, usually of γ/δ T-cell receptor type. Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma occurs more frequently in immunocompromised patients, especially in those receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy. Patients usually manifest hepatosplenomegaly without lymphadenopathy. The bone marrow is also involved in two-thirds of cases and is often accompanied by circulating lymphoma cells, which, along with anemia and thrombocytopenia, may raise suspicion for acute leukemia. The differential diagnosis includes aggressive natural killer-cell leukemia, T-large granular lymphocytic leukemia, T-lymphoblastic leukemia, enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma type II, primary cutaneous γ/δ T-cell lymphoma, other peripheral T-cell lymphomas, myelodysplastic syndrome, and infectious mononucleosis. The diagnosis is usually established from the combination of clinical findings, histologic features, and immunophenotype, although cytogenetic/molecular studies are occasionally needed. Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma exhibits a dismal clinical course with a poor response to currently available therapies.
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Related Subject Headings
- Treatment Outcome
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets
- Splenic Neoplasms
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta
- Pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell
- Liver Neoplasms
- Killer Cells, Natural
- Immunophenotyping
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Related Subject Headings
- Treatment Outcome
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets
- Splenic Neoplasms
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta
- Pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell
- Liver Neoplasms
- Killer Cells, Natural
- Immunophenotyping