Probabilistic estimates of lifetime daily doses from consumption of drinking water containing trace levels of N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), triclosan, or acetaminophen and the associated risk to human health
Risk assessments were conducted for N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), triclosan, and acetaminophen to evaluate the risk from exposure to trace levels of these chemicals through drinking water consumption. We estimated exposure to these chemicals through drinking water consumption by generating distributions for key exposure parameters using Monte Carlo analysis. Body weight and water consumption was modeled using data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Exposure Factor Handbook. Water concentrations were derived from reported concentrations in streams. Dose-response was evaluated through extensive literature searches for toxicology data for each chemical. Acceptable daily intakes (ADIs) were then derived from the available toxicology data. The exposure distributions were compared to the ADIs to evaluate the potential risk to the population from drinking water exposure. ADIs of 0.100, 0.153, and 0.05 mg/kg-day were derived for DEET, acetaminophen and triclosan, respectively. The maximum estimated exposures (0.082, 0.834, and 0.193 g/kg/day for DEET, acetaminophen, and triclosan, respectively) were at least 100-fold lower than the corresponding ADIs. Based on these assessments, we conclude that there is minimal risk to human health from exposure to these chemicals at the reported concentrations in U.S. streams.
Duke Scholars
Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats
Published In
DOI
EISSN
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Related Subject Headings
- Strategic, Defence & Security Studies
- 4105 Pollution and contamination
- 4104 Environmental management
- 0602 Ecology
- 0502 Environmental Science and Management
- 0501 Ecological Applications
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Related Subject Headings
- Strategic, Defence & Security Studies
- 4105 Pollution and contamination
- 4104 Environmental management
- 0602 Ecology
- 0502 Environmental Science and Management
- 0501 Ecological Applications