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Association of aortic stiffness and wave reflections with coronary flow reserve in women without obstructive coronary artery disease: An ancillary study from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE).

Publication ,  Journal Article
Nichols, WW; Denardo, SJ; Davidson, JB; Huo, T; Bairey Merz, CN; Pepine, CJ
Published in: Am Heart J
December 2015

BACKGROUND: Increased aortic stiffness and reduced coronary flow reserve (CFR) independently predict adverse outcomes. But information about relationships between arterial properties and CFR in subjects without obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is limited. METHODS: CFR was measured (Doppler flow wire and intracoronary adenosine) in 50 women (age 53 ± 11 years) with symptoms and signs of myocardial ischemia without obstructive CAD. Aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV), a measure of aortic stiffness, was obtained via catheter pullback; radial artery pressure waves were measured by applanation tonometry and central aortic pressure synthesized. RESULTS: Overall, CFR (mean 2.61 ± 0.47) was significantly correlated with aPWV (r = -0.51), pulse wave amplification (r = 0.45), augmented pressure (r = -0.48), augmentation index (AIx, r = -0.44), aortic systolic pressure (r = -0.49), left ventricular wasted energy (LVEw, r = -0.47) (all P < .001), systolic pressure time index (r = -0.37, P < .008), and rate pressure product (r = -0.29, P < .04). In the multiple regression model including aPWV, CFR was still significantly correlated with aPWV (P < .008) and aortic systolic pressure (P < .01). No other measures contributed significant additional information. Women with CFR ≤2.5 versus those with CFR >2.5 had greater aPWV (894 ± 117 vs 747 ± 93 cm/s, P < .001), augmented pressure (14 ± 4.9 vs 11 ± 4.1 mmHg, P < .008), AIx (32 ± 6.6 vs 27 ± 6.6%, P < .003), LVEw (30 ± 12 vs 21 ± 10 dyne-s/cm(2) × 10(2), P < .02) and reduced pulse pressure amplification (1.20 ± .07 vs 1.26 ± .10, P < .008) and pressure wave travel time (133 ± 7.3 vs 138 ± 6.9 milliseconds, P < .04). CONCLUSIONS: Among symptomatic women without obstructive CAD, CFR was inversely related to aortic systolic pressure and indices of aortic stiffness. These changes in arterial properties increase left ventricular afterload requiring the ventricle to generate additional, but wasted, energy that increases indices of myocardial oxygen demand, reduces CFR and increases vulnerability to ischemia.

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Published In

Am Heart J

DOI

EISSN

1097-6744

Publication Date

December 2015

Volume

170

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1243 / 1254

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Vascular Stiffness
  • Statistics as Topic
  • Pulse Wave Analysis
  • Myocardial Ischemia
  • Middle Aged
  • Humans
  • Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial
  • Female
  • Cardiovascular System & Hematology
  • Arterial Pressure
 

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Nichols, W. W., Denardo, S. J., Davidson, J. B., Huo, T., Bairey Merz, C. N., & Pepine, C. J. (2015). Association of aortic stiffness and wave reflections with coronary flow reserve in women without obstructive coronary artery disease: An ancillary study from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE). Am Heart J, 170(6), 1243–1254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2015.08.019
Nichols, Wilmer W., Scott J. Denardo, Jonathan B. Davidson, Tianyao Huo, C Noel Bairey Merz, and Carl J. Pepine. “Association of aortic stiffness and wave reflections with coronary flow reserve in women without obstructive coronary artery disease: An ancillary study from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE).Am Heart J 170, no. 6 (December 2015): 1243–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2015.08.019.
Journal cover image

Published In

Am Heart J

DOI

EISSN

1097-6744

Publication Date

December 2015

Volume

170

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1243 / 1254

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Vascular Stiffness
  • Statistics as Topic
  • Pulse Wave Analysis
  • Myocardial Ischemia
  • Middle Aged
  • Humans
  • Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial
  • Female
  • Cardiovascular System & Hematology
  • Arterial Pressure