A Lipopolysaccharide-Specific Enhancer Complex Involving Ets, Elk-1, Sp1, and CREB Binding Protein and p300 Is Recruited to the Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Promoter In Vivo
Journal Article
ABSTRACT The tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) gene is rapidly activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here, we show that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase activity but not calcineurin phosphatase activity is required for LPS-stimulated TNF-α gene expression. In LPS-stimulated macrophages, the ERK substrates Ets and Elk-1 bind to the TNF-α promoter in vivo. Strikingly, Ets and Elk-1 bind to two TNF-α nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-binding sites, which are required for calcineurin and NFAT-dependent TNF-α gene expression in lymphocytes. The transcription factors ATF-2, c-jun, Egr-1, and Sp1 are also inducibly recruited to the TNF-α promoter in vivo, and the binding sites for each of these activators are required for LPS-stimulated TNF-α gene expression. Furthermore, assembly of the LPS-stimulated TNF-α enhancer complex is dependent upon the coactivator proteins CREB binding protein and p300. The finding that a distinct set of transcription factors associates with a fixed set of binding sites on the TNF-α promoter in response to LPS stimulation lends new insights into the mechanisms by which complex patterns of gene regulation are achieved.
Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Tsai, EY; Falvo, JV; Tsytsykova, AV; Barczak, AK; Reimold, AM; Glimcher, LH; Fenton, MJ; Gordon, DC; Dunn, IF; Goldfeld, AE
Published Date
- August 15, 2000
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 20 / 16
Start / End Page
- 6084 - 6094
Published By
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 1098-5549
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
- 0270-7306
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.1128/mcb.20.16.6084-6094.2000
Language
- en