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Endothelial dysfunction in chronic inflammatory diseases.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Steyers, CM; Miller, FJ
Published in: Int J Mol Sci
June 25, 2014

Chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). As the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is increasingly recognized as an inflammatory process, similarities between atherosclerosis and systemic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, lupus, psoriasis, spondyloarthritis and others have become a topic of interest. Endothelial dysfunction represents a key step in the initiation and maintenance of atherosclerosis and may serve as a marker for future risk of cardiovascular events. Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases manifest endothelial dysfunction, often early in the course of the disease. Therefore, mechanisms linking systemic inflammatory diseases and atherosclerosis may be best understood at the level of the endothelium. Multiple factors, including circulating inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), reactive oxygen species, oxidized LDL (low density lipoprotein), autoantibodies and traditional risk factors directly and indirectly activate endothelial cells, leading to impaired vascular relaxation, increased leukocyte adhesion, increased endothelial permeability and generation of a pro-thrombotic state. Pharmacologic agents directed against TNF-α-mediated inflammation may decrease the risk of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease in these patients. Understanding the precise mechanisms driving endothelial dysfunction in patients with systemic inflammatory diseases may help elucidate the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in the general population.

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Published In

Int J Mol Sci

DOI

EISSN

1422-0067

Publication Date

June 25, 2014

Volume

15

Issue

7

Start / End Page

11324 / 11349

Location

Switzerland

Related Subject Headings

  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
  • Inflammation
  • Humans
  • Endothelium, Vascular
  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Chemical Physics
  • Atherosclerosis
  • Arthritis
  • Animals
 

Citation

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Steyers, C. M., & Miller, F. J. (2014). Endothelial dysfunction in chronic inflammatory diseases. Int J Mol Sci, 15(7), 11324–11349. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150711324
Steyers, Curtis M., and Francis J. Miller. “Endothelial dysfunction in chronic inflammatory diseases.Int J Mol Sci 15, no. 7 (June 25, 2014): 11324–49. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150711324.
Steyers CM, Miller FJ. Endothelial dysfunction in chronic inflammatory diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Jun 25;15(7):11324–49.
Steyers, Curtis M., and Francis J. Miller. “Endothelial dysfunction in chronic inflammatory diseases.Int J Mol Sci, vol. 15, no. 7, June 2014, pp. 11324–49. Pubmed, doi:10.3390/ijms150711324.
Steyers CM, Miller FJ. Endothelial dysfunction in chronic inflammatory diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Jun 25;15(7):11324–11349.

Published In

Int J Mol Sci

DOI

EISSN

1422-0067

Publication Date

June 25, 2014

Volume

15

Issue

7

Start / End Page

11324 / 11349

Location

Switzerland

Related Subject Headings

  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
  • Inflammation
  • Humans
  • Endothelium, Vascular
  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Chemical Physics
  • Atherosclerosis
  • Arthritis
  • Animals