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Regular exercise prevents the development of hyperglucocorticoidemia via adaptations in the brain and adrenal glands in male Zucker diabetic fatty rats.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Campbell, JE; Király, MA; Atkinson, DJ; D'souza, AM; Vranic, M; Riddell, MC
Published in: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
July 2010

We determined the effects of voluntary wheel running on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and the peripheral determinants of glucocorticoids action, in male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Six-week-old euglycemic ZDF rats were divided into Basal, Sedentary, and Exercise groups (n = 8-9 per group). Basal animals were immediately killed, whereas Sedentary and Exercising rats were monitored for 10 wk. Basal (i.e., approximately 0900 AM in the resting state) glucocorticoid levels increased 2.3-fold by week 3 in Sedentary rats where they remained elevated for the duration of the study. After an initial elevation in basal glucocorticoid levels at week 1, Exercise rats maintained low glucocorticoid levels from week 3 through week 10. Hyperglycemia was evident in Sedentary animals by week 7, whereas Exercising animals maintained euglycemia throughout. At the time of death, the Sedentary group had approximately 40% lower glucocorticoid receptor (GR) content in the hippocampus, compared with the Basal and Exercise groups (P < 0.05), suggesting that the former group had impaired negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis. Both Sedentary and Exercise groups had elevated ACTH compared with Basal rats, indicating that central drive of the axis was similar between groups. However, Sedentary, but not Exercise, animals had elevated adrenal ACTH receptor and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein content compared with the Basal animals, suggesting that regular exercise protects against elevations in glucocorticoids by a downregulation of adrenal sensitivity to ACTH. GR and 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 content in skeletal muscle and liver were similar between groups, however, GR content in adipose tissue was elevated in the Sedentary groups compared with the Basal and Exercise (P < 0.05) groups. Thus, the gradual elevations in glucocorticoid levels associated with the development of insulin resistance in male ZDF rats can be prevented with regular exercise, likely because of adaptations that occur primarily in the adrenal glands.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol

DOI

EISSN

1522-1490

Publication Date

July 2010

Volume

299

Issue

1

Start / End Page

R168 / R176

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Running
  • Receptors, Glucocorticoid
  • Rats, Zucker
  • Rats
  • Physiology
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal
  • Muscle, Skeletal
  • Motor Activity
  • Male
  • Liver
 

Citation

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ICMJE
MLA
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Campbell, J. E., Király, M. A., Atkinson, D. J., D’souza, A. M., Vranic, M., & Riddell, M. C. (2010). Regular exercise prevents the development of hyperglucocorticoidemia via adaptations in the brain and adrenal glands in male Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 299(1), R168–R176. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00155.2010
Campbell, Jonathan E., Michael A. Király, Daniel J. Atkinson, Anna M. D’souza, Mladen Vranic, and Michael C. Riddell. “Regular exercise prevents the development of hyperglucocorticoidemia via adaptations in the brain and adrenal glands in male Zucker diabetic fatty rats.Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 299, no. 1 (July 2010): R168–76. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00155.2010.
Campbell JE, Király MA, Atkinson DJ, D’souza AM, Vranic M, Riddell MC. Regular exercise prevents the development of hyperglucocorticoidemia via adaptations in the brain and adrenal glands in male Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010 Jul;299(1):R168–76.
Campbell, Jonathan E., et al. “Regular exercise prevents the development of hyperglucocorticoidemia via adaptations in the brain and adrenal glands in male Zucker diabetic fatty rats.Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, vol. 299, no. 1, July 2010, pp. R168–76. Pubmed, doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00155.2010.
Campbell JE, Király MA, Atkinson DJ, D’souza AM, Vranic M, Riddell MC. Regular exercise prevents the development of hyperglucocorticoidemia via adaptations in the brain and adrenal glands in male Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010 Jul;299(1):R168–R176.

Published In

Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol

DOI

EISSN

1522-1490

Publication Date

July 2010

Volume

299

Issue

1

Start / End Page

R168 / R176

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Running
  • Receptors, Glucocorticoid
  • Rats, Zucker
  • Rats
  • Physiology
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal
  • Muscle, Skeletal
  • Motor Activity
  • Male
  • Liver