PURPOSE: To characterize the appearance of inner retinal alterations after internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling using multicolor confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO). METHODS: Retrospective review of two eyes that underwent pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and postoperative multicolor cSLO with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Infrared, green, blue, standard multicolor, and blue-green enhanced multicolor reflectance images were evaluated alongside spectral-domain optical coherence tomography for inner retinal alterations. RESULTS: Two eyes of 2 patients, aged 70 and 65 years, were identified. Preoperative diagnoses were epiretinal membrane with lamellar macular hole for Case 1 and full-thickness macular hole for Case 2. Time from surgery to initial multicolor cSLO imaging was 9 years in Case 1 and 3 weeks in Case 2. Inner retinal alterations were best visualized on blue reflectance, moderately visualized on green and blue-green enhanced multicolor, and less evident on infrared and standard multicolor. In Case 2, serial multicolor cSLO imaging demonstrated the emergence of inner retinal alterations between 3 weeks and 5 weeks postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Multicolor cSLO is a novel imaging modality capable of detecting inner retinal alterations in patients with a history of internal limiting membrane peeling, and may be clinically useful for monitoring anatomical changes associated with internal limiting membrane peeling.