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Particulate matter exposure, prenatal and postnatal windows of susceptibility, and autism spectrum disorders.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Kalkbrenner, AE; Windham, GC; Serre, ML; Akita, Y; Wang, X; Hoffman, K; Thayer, BP; Daniels, JL
Published in: Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
January 2015

Recent studies suggest that exposure to traffic-related air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), is associated with autism spectrum disorder (autism).Children with autism were identified by records-based surveillance (n = 645 born in North Carolina in 1994, 1996, 1998, or 2000, and n = 334 born in the San Francisco Bay Area in California in 1996). They were compared with randomly sampled children born in the same counties and years identified from birth records (n = 12,434 in North Carolina and n = 2,232 in California). Exposure to PM less than 10 μm (PM10) at the birth address was assigned to each child by a geostatistical interpolation method using daily concentrations from air pollution regulatory monitors. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for a 10 μg/m increase in PM10 within 3-month periods from preconception through the child's first birthday, adjusting for year, state, maternal education and age, race/ethnicity, and neighborhood-level urbanization and median household income, and including a nonparametric term for week of birth to account for seasonal trends.Temporal patterns in PM10 were pronounced, leading to an inverse correlation between the first- and third-trimester concentrations (r = -0.7). Adjusted ORs were, for the first trimester, 0.86 (95% CI = 0.74-0.99), second trimester, 0.97 (0.83-1.15), and third trimester, 1.36 (1.13-1.63); and, after simultaneously including first- and third-trimester concentrations to account for the inverse correlation, were: first trimester, 1.01 (0.81-1.27) and third trimester, 1.38 (1.03-1.84).Our study adds to previous work in California showing a relation between traffic-related air pollution and autism, and adds similar findings in an eastern US state, with results consistent with increased susceptibility in the third-trimester.

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Published In

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)

DOI

EISSN

1531-5487

ISSN

1044-3983

Publication Date

January 2015

Volume

26

Issue

1

Start / End Page

30 / 42

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
  • Pregnancy
  • Particulate Matter
  • North Carolina
  • Maternal Exposure
  • Male
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant
  • Humans
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Kalkbrenner, A. E., Windham, G. C., Serre, M. L., Akita, Y., Wang, X., Hoffman, K., … Daniels, J. L. (2015). Particulate matter exposure, prenatal and postnatal windows of susceptibility, and autism spectrum disorders. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 26(1), 30–42. https://doi.org/10.1097/ede.0000000000000173
Kalkbrenner, Amy E., Gayle C. Windham, Marc L. Serre, Yasuyuki Akita, Xuexia Wang, Kate Hoffman, Brian P. Thayer, and Julie L. Daniels. “Particulate matter exposure, prenatal and postnatal windows of susceptibility, and autism spectrum disorders.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) 26, no. 1 (January 2015): 30–42. https://doi.org/10.1097/ede.0000000000000173.
Kalkbrenner AE, Windham GC, Serre ML, Akita Y, Wang X, Hoffman K, et al. Particulate matter exposure, prenatal and postnatal windows of susceptibility, and autism spectrum disorders. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass). 2015 Jan;26(1):30–42.
Kalkbrenner, Amy E., et al. “Particulate matter exposure, prenatal and postnatal windows of susceptibility, and autism spectrum disorders.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), vol. 26, no. 1, Jan. 2015, pp. 30–42. Epmc, doi:10.1097/ede.0000000000000173.
Kalkbrenner AE, Windham GC, Serre ML, Akita Y, Wang X, Hoffman K, Thayer BP, Daniels JL. Particulate matter exposure, prenatal and postnatal windows of susceptibility, and autism spectrum disorders. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass). 2015 Jan;26(1):30–42.

Published In

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)

DOI

EISSN

1531-5487

ISSN

1044-3983

Publication Date

January 2015

Volume

26

Issue

1

Start / End Page

30 / 42

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
  • Pregnancy
  • Particulate Matter
  • North Carolina
  • Maternal Exposure
  • Male
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant
  • Humans