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Effect of low vs. high dietary sodium on blood pressure levels in a normotensive Indo-Asian population.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Jessani, S; Hatcher, J; Chaturvedi, N; Jafar, TH
Published in: American journal of hypertension
November 2008

Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor, and while sodium restriction in hypertensive patients appears effective, its role in normotensive individuals remains unclear. We assessed the effect of a low vs. high-sodium diet on blood pressure in normotensive Indo-Asian adults.A randomized, controlled, crossover trial was conducted on 200 normotensive subjects randomly selected from the general population in Karachi, Pakistan. Participants were randomized to either a low (20 mEq/day) or a high-sodium diet (220 mEq/day) for 1 week, followed by 1 week of washout, then the alternate diet for 1 week. The primary outcome was difference in systolic blood pressure (SBP) measured at the end of each phase in the overall population.Mean (95% confidence interval) decline in 24-h urinary sodium excretion was 81.0 (69.6-92.4) mEq/day (P < 0.001), and in SBP was 1 (0-3)mm Hg (P = 0.17) between high and low-sodium phase. A significant interaction was detected (P = 0.001) between dietary sodium and baseline SBP with a greater adjusted mean (95% confidence interval) decline in SBP (6 (2-9)mm Hg) among participants with high-normal SBP (130-139 mm Hg) and no significant change (-1(-2 to 1)) in those with normal baseline SBP (<130 mm Hg), respectively.Reducing sodium intake has a beneficial effect on blood pressure in Indo-Asians with high-normal SBP, at least in the short term. Given the ubiquity of high-normal blood pressure (BP), and frank hypertension in this population, we argue that primary prevention strategies, targeted at use of discretionary sodium, should now be designed and evaluated.

Duke Scholars

Published In

American journal of hypertension

DOI

EISSN

1941-7225

ISSN

0895-7061

Publication Date

November 2008

Volume

21

Issue

11

Start / End Page

1238 / 1244

Related Subject Headings

  • Sodium, Dietary
  • Sodium
  • Pakistan
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Hypertension
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Diet, Sodium-Restricted
 

Citation

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Jessani, S., Hatcher, J., Chaturvedi, N., & Jafar, T. H. (2008). Effect of low vs. high dietary sodium on blood pressure levels in a normotensive Indo-Asian population. American Journal of Hypertension, 21(11), 1238–1244. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajh.2008.256
Jessani, Saleem, Juanita Hatcher, Nish Chaturvedi, and Tazeen H. Jafar. “Effect of low vs. high dietary sodium on blood pressure levels in a normotensive Indo-Asian population.American Journal of Hypertension 21, no. 11 (November 2008): 1238–44. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajh.2008.256.
Jessani S, Hatcher J, Chaturvedi N, Jafar TH. Effect of low vs. high dietary sodium on blood pressure levels in a normotensive Indo-Asian population. American journal of hypertension. 2008 Nov;21(11):1238–44.
Jessani, Saleem, et al. “Effect of low vs. high dietary sodium on blood pressure levels in a normotensive Indo-Asian population.American Journal of Hypertension, vol. 21, no. 11, Nov. 2008, pp. 1238–44. Epmc, doi:10.1038/ajh.2008.256.
Jessani S, Hatcher J, Chaturvedi N, Jafar TH. Effect of low vs. high dietary sodium on blood pressure levels in a normotensive Indo-Asian population. American journal of hypertension. 2008 Nov;21(11):1238–1244.
Journal cover image

Published In

American journal of hypertension

DOI

EISSN

1941-7225

ISSN

0895-7061

Publication Date

November 2008

Volume

21

Issue

11

Start / End Page

1238 / 1244

Related Subject Headings

  • Sodium, Dietary
  • Sodium
  • Pakistan
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Hypertension
  • Humans
  • Female
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Diet, Sodium-Restricted