Over the past 2 decades, ureteroscopy has changed from a procedure considered second-line to shockwave lithotripsy to a commonly performed procedure for renal and ureteral stones. The increase in the use of ureteroscopy is due largely to improvements in technique and technology during this time period. Herein we review outcomes of ureteroscopy in terms of success rates, complications, and unique patient populations. This work will synthesize the data as it pertains to the practice of ureteroscopy for all endourological indications, including stone disease and management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma, as well as review state-of-the-art techniques.