L-Met Activates Arabidopsis GLR Ca2+ Channels Upstream of ROS Production and Regulates Stomatal Movement.
Journal Article (Journal Article)
Plant glutamate receptor homologs (GLRs) have long been proposed to function as ligand-gated Ca2+ channels, but no in planta evidence has been provided. Here, we present genetic evidence that Arabidopsis GLR3.1 and GLR3.5 form Ca2+ channels activated by L-methionine (L-Met) at physiological concentrations and regulate stomatal apertures and plant growth. The glr3.1/3.5 mutations resulted in a lower cytosolic Ca2+ level, defective Ca2+ -induced stomatal closure, and Ca2+ -deficient growth disorder, all of which involved L-Met. Patch-clamp analyses of guard cells showed that GLR3.1/3.5 Ca2+ channels are activated specifically by L-Met, with the activation abolished in glr3.1/3.5. Moreover, GLR3.1/3.5 Ca2+ channels are distinct from previously characterized ROS-activated Ca2+ channels and act upstream of ROS, providing Ca2+ transients necessary for the activation of NADPH oxidases. Our data indicate that GLR3.1/3.5 constitute L-Met-activated Ca2+ channels responsible for maintaining basal [Ca2+ ]cyt , play a pivotal role in plant growth, and act upstream of ROS, thereby regulating stomatal aperture.
Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Kong, D; Hu, H-C; Okuma, E; Lee, Y; Lee, HS; Munemasa, S; Cho, D; Ju, C; Pedoeim, L; Rodriguez, B; Wang, J; Im, W; Murata, Y; Pei, Z-M; Kwak, JM
Published Date
- December 2016
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 17 / 10
Start / End Page
- 2553 - 2561
PubMed ID
- 27926860
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 2211-1247
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
- 2211-1247
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.11.015
Language
- eng