The role(s) of cytokines/chemokines in urinary bladder inflammation and dysfunction.
Journal Article (Review;Journal Article)
Bladder pain syndrome (BPS)/interstitial cystitis (IC) is a chronic pain syndrome characterized by pain, pressure, or discomfort perceived to be bladder related and with at least one urinary symptom. It was recently concluded that 3.3-7.9 million women (>18 years old) in the United States exhibit BPS/IC symptoms. The impact of BPS/IC on quality of life is enormous and the economic burden is significant. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of BPS/IC are unknown, numerous theories including infection, inflammation, autoimmune disorder, toxic urinary agents, urothelial dysfunction, and neurogenic causes have been proposed. Altered visceral sensations from the urinary bladder (i.e., pain at low or moderate bladder filling) that accompany BPS/IC may be mediated by many factors including changes in the properties of peripheral bladder afferent pathways such that bladder afferent neurons respond in an exaggerated manner to normally innocuous stimuli (allodynia). The goals for this review are to describe chemokine/receptor (CXCL12/CXCR4; CCL2/CCR2) signaling and cytokine/receptor (transforming growth factor (TGF-β)/TGF-β type 1 receptor) signaling that may be valuable LUT targets for pharmacologic therapy to improve urinary bladder function and reduce somatic sensitivity associated with urinary bladder inflammation.
Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Gonzalez, EJ; Arms, L; Vizzard, MA
Published Date
- January 2014
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 2014 /
Start / End Page
- 120525 -
PubMed ID
- 24738044
Pubmed Central ID
- PMC3971501
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 2314-6141
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
- 2314-6133
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.1155/2014/120525
Language
- eng