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Histologic evaluation of laser lipolysis comparing continuous wave vs pulsed lasers in an in vivo pig model.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Levi, JR; Veerappan, A; Chen, B; Mirkov, M; Sierra, R; Spiegel, JH
Published in: Arch Facial Plast Surg
2011

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate acute and delayed laser effects of subdermal lipolysis and collagen deposition using an in vivo pig model and to compare histologic findings in fatty tissue after continuous wave diode (CW) vs pulsed laser treatment. METHODS: Three CW lasers (980, 1370, and 1470 nm) and 3 pulsed lasers (1064, 1320, and 1440 nm) were used to treat 4 Göttingen minipigs. Following administration of Klein tumescent solution, a laser cannula was inserted at the top of a 10 × 2.5-cm rectangle and was passed subdermally to create separate laser "tunnels." Temperatures at the surface and at intervals of 4-mm to 20-mm depths were recorded immediately after exposure and were correlated with skin injury. Full-thickness cutaneous biopsy specimens were obtained at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after exposure and were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome stain. Qualitative and semiquantitative histopathologic evaluations were performed with attention to vascular damage, lipolysis, and collagen deposition. RESULTS: Skin surface damage occurred at temperatures exceeding 46°C. Histologic examination at 1 day after exposure showed hemorrhage, fibrous collagen fiber coagulation, and adipocyte damage. Adipocytes surrounded by histiocytes, a marker of lipolysis, were present at 1 week and 1 month after exposure. Collagen deposition in subdermal fatty tissue and in reticular dermis of some specimens was noted at 1 week and had increased at 1 month. Tissue treated with CW laser at 1470 nm demonstrated greater hemorrhage and more histiocytes at damage sites than tissue treated with pulsed laser at 1440 nm. There was a trend toward more collagen deposition with pulsed lasers than with CW lasers, but this was not statistically significant. Histopathologic comparison between results of CW laser at 980 nm vs pulsed laser at 1064 nm showed the same trend. Hemorrhage differences may result from pulse duration variations. A theoretical calculation estimating temperature rise in vessels supported this hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS: Pulsed lasers with higher peak powers provided better hemostatic effects than CW lasers. The degree of lipolysis depended on wavelength, laser power, and energy density. Subdermal laser irradiation can stimulate collagen deposition in subdermal tissue and reticular dermis.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Arch Facial Plast Surg

DOI

EISSN

1538-3660

Publication Date

2011

Volume

13

Issue

1

Start / End Page

41 / 50

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Swine, Miniature
  • Swine
  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Lipectomy
  • Laser Therapy
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Animals
  • 3203 Dentistry
  • 3202 Clinical sciences
  • 1103 Clinical Sciences
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Levi, J. R., Veerappan, A., Chen, B., Mirkov, M., Sierra, R., & Spiegel, J. H. (2011). Histologic evaluation of laser lipolysis comparing continuous wave vs pulsed lasers in an in vivo pig model. Arch Facial Plast Surg, 13(1), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1001/archfacial.2010.103
Levi, Jessica R., Anna Veerappan, Bo Chen, Mirko Mirkov, Ray Sierra, and Jeffrey H. Spiegel. “Histologic evaluation of laser lipolysis comparing continuous wave vs pulsed lasers in an in vivo pig model.Arch Facial Plast Surg 13, no. 1 (2011): 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1001/archfacial.2010.103.
Levi JR, Veerappan A, Chen B, Mirkov M, Sierra R, Spiegel JH. Histologic evaluation of laser lipolysis comparing continuous wave vs pulsed lasers in an in vivo pig model. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2011;13(1):41–50.
Levi, Jessica R., et al. “Histologic evaluation of laser lipolysis comparing continuous wave vs pulsed lasers in an in vivo pig model.Arch Facial Plast Surg, vol. 13, no. 1, 2011, pp. 41–50. Pubmed, doi:10.1001/archfacial.2010.103.
Levi JR, Veerappan A, Chen B, Mirkov M, Sierra R, Spiegel JH. Histologic evaluation of laser lipolysis comparing continuous wave vs pulsed lasers in an in vivo pig model. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2011;13(1):41–50.

Published In

Arch Facial Plast Surg

DOI

EISSN

1538-3660

Publication Date

2011

Volume

13

Issue

1

Start / End Page

41 / 50

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Swine, Miniature
  • Swine
  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Lipectomy
  • Laser Therapy
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Animals
  • 3203 Dentistry
  • 3202 Clinical sciences
  • 1103 Clinical Sciences