Cross-reactivity of HIV vaccine responses and the microbiome.
Published
Journal Article (Review)
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: A successful human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine will require immunogens that induce protective immune responses. However, recent studies suggest that the response to HIV-1 and perhaps other viruses may be altered by immune system exposure to intestinal microbiota-antigens. This review will discuss select aspects of these studies. RECENT FINDINGS: Naïve CD4 T and B cell repertoires can be imprinted by intestinal microbiota-antigens to respond to virus epitopes prior to virus infection. A multiclade envelope (Env) gp145 DNA prime, recombinant adenovirus type 5 boost vaccine tested in a HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) phase IIb human vaccine efficacy trial (HVTN 505) induced a dominant gp41-reactive antibody response that was non-neutralizing and cross-reactive with intestinal microbiota. This vaccine regimen also induced a dominant gp41-reactive, intestinal microbiota-cross-reactive gp41 antibody response in neonatal and adult Rhesus macaques. Studies of naïve CD4 T cells have demonstrated cross-reactivity to both HIV-1 and influenza peptides. SUMMARY: HIV-1 Env vaccine-induced CD4 T and B cell responses can originate from a pool of intestinal microbiota-cross-reactive immune cells. Moreover, intestinal microbiota-cross-reactive HIV-1 Env antibodies are ineffective in protection against HIV-1 infection. Thus, intestinal microbiota-imprinting of the B cell repertoire may be one of several roadblocks to the induction of protective HIV-1 antibodies.
Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Williams, WB; Han, Q; Haynes, BF
Published Date
- January 2018
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 13 / 1
Start / End Page
- 9 - 14
PubMed ID
- 29035947
Pubmed Central ID
- 29035947
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 1746-6318
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.1097/COH.0000000000000423
Language
- eng
Conference Location
- United States