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c-Myc Represses Transcription of Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 Early after Primary B Cell Infection.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Price, AM; Messinger, JE; Luftig, MA
Published in: J Virol
January 15, 2018

Recent evidence has shown that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) oncogene LMP1 is not expressed at high levels early after EBV infection of primary B cells, despite its being essential for the long-term outgrowth of immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). In this study, we found that expression of LMP1 increased 50-fold between 7 days postinfection and the LCL state. Metabolic labeling of nascent transcribed mRNA indicated that this was primarily a transcription-mediated event. EBNA2, the key viral transcription factor regulating LMP1, and CTCF, an important chromatin insulator, were recruited to the LMP1 locus similarly early and late after infection. However, the activating histone H3K9Ac mark was enriched at the LMP1 promoter in LCLs relative to that in infected B cells early after infection. We found that high c-Myc activity in EBV-infected lymphoma cells as well as overexpression of c-Myc in an LCL model system repressed LMP1 transcription. Finally, we found that chemical inhibition of c-Myc both in LCLs and early after primary B cell infection increased LMP1 expression. These data support a model in which high levels of endogenous c-Myc activity induced early after primary B cell infection directly repress LMP1 transcription.IMPORTANCE EBV is a highly successful pathogen that latently infects more than 90% of adults worldwide and is also causally associated with a number of B cell malignancies. During the latent life cycle, EBV expresses a set of viral oncoproteins and noncoding RNAs with the potential to promote cancer. Critical among these is the viral latent membrane protein LMP1. Prior work suggests that LMP1 is essential for EBV to immortalize B cells, but our recent work indicates that LMP1 is not produced at high levels during the first few weeks after infection. Here we show that transcription of the LMP1 gene can be negatively regulated by a host transcription factor, c-Myc. Ultimately, understanding the regulation of EBV oncogenes will allow us to better treat cancers that rely on these viral products for survival.

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Published In

J Virol

DOI

EISSN

1098-5514

Publication Date

January 15, 2018

Volume

92

Issue

2

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Virus Latency
  • Virology
  • Viral Matrix Proteins
  • Transcription, Genetic
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Humans
  • Histones
  • Herpesvirus 4, Human
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
 

Citation

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Price, A. M., Messinger, J. E., & Luftig, M. A. (2018). c-Myc Represses Transcription of Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 Early after Primary B Cell Infection. J Virol, 92(2). https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01178-17
Price, Alexander M., Joshua E. Messinger, and Micah A. Luftig. “c-Myc Represses Transcription of Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 Early after Primary B Cell Infection.J Virol 92, no. 2 (January 15, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01178-17.
Price, Alexander M., et al. “c-Myc Represses Transcription of Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 Early after Primary B Cell Infection.J Virol, vol. 92, no. 2, Jan. 2018. Pubmed, doi:10.1128/JVI.01178-17.

Published In

J Virol

DOI

EISSN

1098-5514

Publication Date

January 15, 2018

Volume

92

Issue

2

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Virus Latency
  • Virology
  • Viral Matrix Proteins
  • Transcription, Genetic
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Humans
  • Histones
  • Herpesvirus 4, Human
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Viral