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Cigarette smoking and pulmonary tuberculosis in northern California.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Smith, GS; Van Den Eeden, SK; Baxter, R; Shan, J; Van Rie, A; Herring, AH; Richardson, DB; Emch, M; Gammon, MD
Published in: Journal of epidemiology and community health
June 2015

A positive association between smoking and increased risk of tuberculosis disease is well documented for populations outside the USA. However, it is unclear whether smoking increases risk of tuberculosis in the USA, where both smoking prevalence and disease rates are much lower than in the countries where previous studies have been conducted.To explore the tuberculosis-smoking association in a more generalisable US population-based sample, we conducted a nested case-control study among members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC). We identified all newly diagnosed cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) disease between 1996 and 2010. Each of the 2380 cases were individually matched to two controls by age, gender and race/ethnicity. ORs and 95% CIs for the association between smoking status and PTB were calculated using conditional logistic regression adjusted for all matching factors.Increased PTB risk was observed among ever-smokers (OR=1.35; 95% CI 1.19 to 1.53), as well as current (OR=1.26; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.48) and past (OR=1.43; 95% CI 1.23 to 1.67) smokers, compared with never-smokers. Increased intensity and duration of smoking were also positively associated with PTB risk.Our findings among a more generalisable US population support the hypothesis that smoking increases risk of PTB, underscoring the importance of tobacco cessation and prevention programmes in eliminating tuberculosis.

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Published In

Journal of epidemiology and community health

DOI

EISSN

1470-2738

ISSN

0143-005X

Publication Date

June 2015

Volume

69

Issue

6

Start / End Page

568 / 573

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
  • Smoking
  • Risk Factors
  • Prevalence
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Logistic Models
  • Humans
  • Female
 

Citation

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Smith, G. S., Van Den Eeden, S. K., Baxter, R., Shan, J., Van Rie, A., Herring, A. H., … Gammon, M. D. (2015). Cigarette smoking and pulmonary tuberculosis in northern California. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 69(6), 568–573. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2014-204292
Smith, Geneé S., Stephen K. Van Den Eeden, Roger Baxter, Jun Shan, Annelies Van Rie, Amy H. Herring, David B. Richardson, Michael Emch, and Marilie D. Gammon. “Cigarette smoking and pulmonary tuberculosis in northern California.Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 69, no. 6 (June 2015): 568–73. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2014-204292.
Smith GS, Van Den Eeden SK, Baxter R, Shan J, Van Rie A, Herring AH, et al. Cigarette smoking and pulmonary tuberculosis in northern California. Journal of epidemiology and community health. 2015 Jun;69(6):568–73.
Smith, Geneé S., et al. “Cigarette smoking and pulmonary tuberculosis in northern California.Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, vol. 69, no. 6, June 2015, pp. 568–73. Epmc, doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204292.
Smith GS, Van Den Eeden SK, Baxter R, Shan J, Van Rie A, Herring AH, Richardson DB, Emch M, Gammon MD. Cigarette smoking and pulmonary tuberculosis in northern California. Journal of epidemiology and community health. 2015 Jun;69(6):568–573.

Published In

Journal of epidemiology and community health

DOI

EISSN

1470-2738

ISSN

0143-005X

Publication Date

June 2015

Volume

69

Issue

6

Start / End Page

568 / 573

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
  • Smoking
  • Risk Factors
  • Prevalence
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Logistic Models
  • Humans
  • Female