Functional connectivity of the amygdala in early-childhood-onset depression.
Journal Article (Journal Article)
Objective
Adult major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with reduced cortico-limbic functional connectivity thought to indicate decreased top-down control of emotion. However, it is unclear whether such connectivity alterations are also present in early-childhood-onset MDD.Method
A total of 51 children 7 through 11 years of age who had been prospectively studied since preschool age, completed resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and were assigned to one of four groups: 1) C-MDD (N = 13), those children with a personal history of early-childhood-onset MDD; 2) M-MDD (N = 11), those with a maternal history of affective disorders; 3) CM-MDD (N = 13), those with both maternal and early-childhood-onset MDD; or 4) CON (N = 14), those without either a personal or maternal history of MDD. We used seed-based resting state functional connectivity (rsfcMRI) analysis in an independent sample of adults to identify networks showing both positive (e.g., limbic regions) and negative (e.g., dorsal frontal/parietal regions) connectivity with the amygdala. These regions were then used in region-of-interest-based analyses of our child sample.Results
We found a significant interaction between maternal affective disorder history and the child's MDD history for both positive and negative rsfcMRI networks. Specifically, when compared with CON, we found reduced connectivity between the amygdala and the "negative network" in children with C-MDD, M-MDD, and CM-MDD. Children with either C-MDD or a maternal history of MDD (but not CM-MDD) displayed reduced connectivity between the amygdala and the "positive network."Conclusions
Our finding of an attenuated relationship between the amygdala, a region affected in MDD and involved in emotion processing, and cognitive control regions is consistent with a hypothesis of altered regulation of emotional processing in C-MDD, suggesting developmental continuity of this alteration into early childhood.Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Luking, KR; Repovs, G; Belden, AC; Gaffrey, MS; Botteron, KN; Luby, JL; Barch, DM
Published Date
- October 2011
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 50 / 10
Start / End Page
- 1027 - 41.e3
PubMed ID
- 21961777
Pubmed Central ID
- PMC3185293
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 1527-5418
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
- 0890-8567
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.1016/j.jaac.2011.07.019
Language
- eng