Blood Lead Levels Among Pregnant Women: Historical Versus Contemporaneous Exposures
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, Journal Article
Edwards, SE; Miranda, ML; Neelon, BH; Paul, CJ; Swamy, GK
November 1, 2012
Blood lead among pregnant women, even at modest levels, may impair offspring cognitive development. We examine whether blood lead levels (BLLs) result from current versus historic exposures, among a cohort of pregnant women. Cumulative logit models were used to characterize the relationship between maternal risk factors and higher BLLs. Maternal blood lead levels more likely result from lead remobilization from historic versus contemporaneous exposures. Even if all lead sources were abated immediately, women and their fetuses would experience lead exposure for decades. This work emphasizes the importance of addressing sources of environmental lead exposure in the United States and internationally.
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Edwards, S. E., Miranda, M. L., Neelon, B. H., Paul, C. J., & Swamy, G. K. (2012). Blood Lead Levels Among Pregnant Women: Historical Versus Contemporaneous Exposures. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7041508
Edwards, Sharon E., Marie Lynn Miranda, Brian Hugh Neelon, Christopher J. Paul, and Geeta Krishna Swamy. “Blood Lead Levels Among Pregnant Women: Historical Versus Contemporaneous Exposures,” November 1, 2012. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7041508.
Edwards SE, Miranda ML, Neelon BH, Paul CJ, Swamy GK. Blood Lead Levels Among Pregnant Women: Historical Versus Contemporaneous Exposures. 2012 Nov 1;
Edwards, Sharon E., et al. Blood Lead Levels Among Pregnant Women: Historical Versus Contemporaneous Exposures. Nov. 2012. Dspace, doi:10.3390/ijerph7041508.
Edwards SE, Miranda ML, Neelon BH, Paul CJ, Swamy GK. Blood Lead Levels Among Pregnant Women: Historical Versus Contemporaneous Exposures. 2012 Nov 1;