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Reducing mental health-related stigma in primary health care settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Heim, E; Kohrt, BA; Koschorke, M; Milenova, M; Thornicroft, G
Published in: Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci
September 4, 2018

AIMS: This systematic review compiled evidence on interventions to reduce mental health-related stigma in primary health care (PHC) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Studies targeting PHC staff (including non-professionals) were included. Primary outcomes were stigmatising attitudes and discriminatory behaviours. METHODS: Data collection included two strategies. First, previous systematic reviews were searched for studies that met the inclusion criteria of the current review. Second, a new search was done, covering the time since the previous reviews, i.e. January 2013 to May 2017. Five search concepts were combined in order to capture relevant literature: stigma, mental health, intervention, PHC staff and LMICs. A qualitative analysis of all included full-texts was done with software MAXQDA. Full-texts were analysed with regards to the content of interventions, didactic methods, mental disorders, cultural adaptation, type of outcome measure and primary outcomes. Furthermore, a risk of bias assessment was undertaken. RESULTS: A total of 18 studies were included. Risk of bias was rated as high in most included studies. Only six studies had tested their intervention against a control condition, two of which had used random allocation. Most frequently used interventions were lectures providing theoretical information. Many studies also used interactive methods (N = 9), discussed case studies (N = 8) or used role plays (N = 5). Three studies reported that they had used clinical practice and supervision. Results of these studies were mixed. No or little effects were found for brief training interventions (e.g. 1 h to 1 day). Longer training interventions with more sophisticated didactic methods produced statistically significant changes in validated stigma questionnaires. These results have to be interpreted with caution due to risk of bias. Methods for cultural adaptation of interventions were rarely documented. CONCLUSIONS: More rigorous trials are needed in LMICs to test interventions that target discriminatory behaviours in relationship with patients. Cultural adaptation of stigma interventions and structural/institutional factors should be more explicitly addressed in such trials.

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Published In

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

DOI

EISSN

2045-7979

Publication Date

September 4, 2018

Volume

29

Start / End Page

e3

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Stereotyping
  • Social Stigma
  • Social Discrimination
  • Primary Health Care
  • Mental Disorders
  • Humans
  • Attitude of Health Personnel
  • 5205 Social and personality psychology
  • 4203 Health services and systems
  • 4202 Epidemiology
 

Citation

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Heim, E., Kohrt, B. A., Koschorke, M., Milenova, M., & Thornicroft, G. (2018). Reducing mental health-related stigma in primary health care settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci, 29, e3. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796018000458
Heim, E., B. A. Kohrt, M. Koschorke, M. Milenova, and G. Thornicroft. “Reducing mental health-related stigma in primary health care settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 29 (September 4, 2018): e3. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796018000458.
Heim E, Kohrt BA, Koschorke M, Milenova M, Thornicroft G. Reducing mental health-related stigma in primary health care settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2018 Sep 4;29:e3.
Heim, E., et al. “Reducing mental health-related stigma in primary health care settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci, vol. 29, Sept. 2018, p. e3. Pubmed, doi:10.1017/S2045796018000458.
Heim E, Kohrt BA, Koschorke M, Milenova M, Thornicroft G. Reducing mental health-related stigma in primary health care settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2018 Sep 4;29:e3.
Journal cover image

Published In

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

DOI

EISSN

2045-7979

Publication Date

September 4, 2018

Volume

29

Start / End Page

e3

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Stereotyping
  • Social Stigma
  • Social Discrimination
  • Primary Health Care
  • Mental Disorders
  • Humans
  • Attitude of Health Personnel
  • 5205 Social and personality psychology
  • 4203 Health services and systems
  • 4202 Epidemiology