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Implementation and Evaluation of Tactical Combat Casualty Care for Army Aviators.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Scott, SM; Carman, MJ; Zychowicz, ME; Shapiro, ML; True, NA
Published in: Military medicine
August 2020

The importance of developing military strategies to decrease preventable death by mitigating hemorrhage and reducing time between the point of injury and surgical intervention on the battlefield is highlighted in previous studies. Successful implementation of Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) throughout elements of the USA and allied militaries begins to address this need. However, TCCC implementation is neither even nor complete in the larger, conventional force. Army Aviators are at risk for preventable death as they do not receive prehospital care training and are challenged to render prehospital care in the austere environment of helicopter operations. Army aviators are at risk for preventable death due to the challenges to render prehospital care in the austere environment of helicopter operations. Helicopters often fly at low altitudes, engage in direct action in support of ground troops, operate at a great distance from medical facilities, typically do not have medical personnel onboard, and can have long wait times for medical evacuation services due to the far forward nature of helicopter operations.This is a quality improvement pre-post-intervention design study evaluating the implementation of a combat casualty care training program for Army aviators using well-established evidence-based guidelines for providing care to casualties on the battlefield. The evaluation consisted of participants' self-perceived confidence in providing care to a casualty and change in knowledge level in combat casualty care in a pre/post-intervention design. Clinical skills of tourniquet application, nasopharyngeal airway placement, and needle chest decompression were assessed on a pass/fail grading standard.A total of 18 participants completed the pre- and post-education surveys. A paired t-test showed a statistically significant increase in total composite scores from pre (M = 24.67, SD = 5.06) to post-education self-efficacy (M = 37.94, SD = 2.10), t (17) = -11.29, p < 0.001. A paired t-test revealed a significant increase in exam scores from pre (M = 70.22, SD = 9.43) to post (M = 87.78, SD = 7.19), t (17) = -7.31, p < 0.001. There was no pre-intervention skills assessment, however, all participants (n = 18, 100%) passed the tourniquet application, needle chest compression, and insertion of nasopharyngeal airway.TCCC for Army Aviators is easily implemented, demonstrates an increase in knowledge and confidence in providing prehospital care, and provides effective scenario-based training of necessary psychomotor skills needed to reduce preventable death on the battlefield. TCCC for Army Aviators effectively takes the TCCC for All Combatants curriculum and modifies it to address the unique considerations in treating wounded aviators and passengers, both in flight and after crashes. This project demonstrates on a small scale how TCCC can be tailored to specific military jobs in order to successfully meet the intent of the upcoming All Service Member TCCC course mandated in DoD 1322.24. Beyond Army aviation, this program is easily modifiable for aviators throughout the military and civilian sector.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Military medicine

DOI

EISSN

1930-613X

ISSN

0026-4075

Publication Date

August 2020

Volume

185

Issue

7-8

Start / End Page

e1271 / e1276

Related Subject Headings

  • Wounds and Injuries
  • Strategic, Defence & Security Studies
  • Pilots
  • Military Personnel
  • Military Medicine
  • Humans
  • Hemorrhage
  • Emergency Medical Services
  • Clinical Competence
  • 4203 Health services and systems
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Scott, S. M., Carman, M. J., Zychowicz, M. E., Shapiro, M. L., & True, N. A. (2020). Implementation and Evaluation of Tactical Combat Casualty Care for Army Aviators. Military Medicine, 185(7–8), e1271–e1276. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz491
Scott, Stephen M., Margaret J. Carman, Michael E. Zychowicz, Mark L. Shapiro, and Nicholas A. True. “Implementation and Evaluation of Tactical Combat Casualty Care for Army Aviators.Military Medicine 185, no. 7–8 (August 2020): e1271–76. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz491.
Scott SM, Carman MJ, Zychowicz ME, Shapiro ML, True NA. Implementation and Evaluation of Tactical Combat Casualty Care for Army Aviators. Military medicine. 2020 Aug;185(7–8):e1271–6.
Scott, Stephen M., et al. “Implementation and Evaluation of Tactical Combat Casualty Care for Army Aviators.Military Medicine, vol. 185, no. 7–8, Aug. 2020, pp. e1271–76. Epmc, doi:10.1093/milmed/usz491.
Scott SM, Carman MJ, Zychowicz ME, Shapiro ML, True NA. Implementation and Evaluation of Tactical Combat Casualty Care for Army Aviators. Military medicine. 2020 Aug;185(7–8):e1271–e1276.

Published In

Military medicine

DOI

EISSN

1930-613X

ISSN

0026-4075

Publication Date

August 2020

Volume

185

Issue

7-8

Start / End Page

e1271 / e1276

Related Subject Headings

  • Wounds and Injuries
  • Strategic, Defence & Security Studies
  • Pilots
  • Military Personnel
  • Military Medicine
  • Humans
  • Hemorrhage
  • Emergency Medical Services
  • Clinical Competence
  • 4203 Health services and systems