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An instrument to measure mechanical up-conversion phenomena in metals in the elastic regime.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Vajente, G; Quintero, EA; Ni, X; Arai, K; Gustafson, EK; Robertson, NA; Sanchez, EJ; Greer, JR; Adhikari, RX
Published in: The Review of scientific instruments
June 2016

Crystalline materials, such as metals, are known to exhibit deviation from a simple linear relation between strain and stress when the latter exceeds the yield stress. In addition, it has been shown that metals respond to varying external stress in a discontinuous way in this regime, exhibiting discrete releases of energy. This crackling noise has been extensively studied both experimentally and theoretically when the metals are operating in the plastic regime. In our study, we focus on the behavior of metals in the elastic regime, where the stresses are well below the yield stress. We describe an instrument that aims to characterize non-linear mechanical noise in metals when stressed in the elastic regime. In macroscopic systems, this phenomenon is expected to manifest as a non-stationary noise modulated by external disturbances applied to the material, a form of mechanical up-conversion of noise. The main motivation for this work is for the case of maraging steel components (cantilevers and wires) in the suspension systems of terrestrial gravitational wave detectors. Such instruments are planned to reach very ambitious displacement sensitivities, and therefore mechanical noise in the cantilevers could prove to be a limiting factor for the detectors' final sensitivities, mainly due to non-linear up-conversion of low frequency residual seismic motion to the frequencies of interest for the gravitational wave observations. We describe here the experimental setup, with a target sensitivity of 10(-15) m/Hz in the frequency range of 10-1000 Hz, a simple phenomenological model of the non-linear mechanical noise, and the analysis method that is inspired by this model.

Duke Scholars

Published In

The Review of scientific instruments

DOI

EISSN

1089-7623

ISSN

0034-6748

Publication Date

June 2016

Volume

87

Issue

6

Start / End Page

065107

Related Subject Headings

  • Applied Physics
  • 51 Physical sciences
  • 40 Engineering
  • 34 Chemical sciences
  • 09 Engineering
  • 03 Chemical Sciences
  • 02 Physical Sciences
 

Citation

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Vajente, G., Quintero, E. A., Ni, X., Arai, K., Gustafson, E. K., Robertson, N. A., … Adhikari, R. X. (2016). An instrument to measure mechanical up-conversion phenomena in metals in the elastic regime. The Review of Scientific Instruments, 87(6), 065107. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4953114
Vajente, G., E. A. Quintero, X. Ni, K. Arai, E. K. Gustafson, N. A. Robertson, E. J. Sanchez, J. R. Greer, and R. X. Adhikari. “An instrument to measure mechanical up-conversion phenomena in metals in the elastic regime.The Review of Scientific Instruments 87, no. 6 (June 2016): 065107. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4953114.
Vajente G, Quintero EA, Ni X, Arai K, Gustafson EK, Robertson NA, et al. An instrument to measure mechanical up-conversion phenomena in metals in the elastic regime. The Review of scientific instruments. 2016 Jun;87(6):065107.
Vajente, G., et al. “An instrument to measure mechanical up-conversion phenomena in metals in the elastic regime.The Review of Scientific Instruments, vol. 87, no. 6, June 2016, p. 065107. Epmc, doi:10.1063/1.4953114.
Vajente G, Quintero EA, Ni X, Arai K, Gustafson EK, Robertson NA, Sanchez EJ, Greer JR, Adhikari RX. An instrument to measure mechanical up-conversion phenomena in metals in the elastic regime. The Review of scientific instruments. 2016 Jun;87(6):065107.

Published In

The Review of scientific instruments

DOI

EISSN

1089-7623

ISSN

0034-6748

Publication Date

June 2016

Volume

87

Issue

6

Start / End Page

065107

Related Subject Headings

  • Applied Physics
  • 51 Physical sciences
  • 40 Engineering
  • 34 Chemical sciences
  • 09 Engineering
  • 03 Chemical Sciences
  • 02 Physical Sciences