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Role of dietary carbohydrates on risk of lung cancer.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Tao, J; Jatoi, A; Crawford, J; Lam, WWT; Ho, JC; Wang, X; Pang, H
Published in: Lung Cancer
May 2021

OBJECTIVES: Inconsistent findings have been reported on the link between dietary carbohydrates and lung cancer. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the role of dietary carbohydrates on lung cancer risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prospective study is based on the PLCO trial, which recruited 113,096 eligible participants across the United States. Participants had to have completed baseline and diet history questionnaires. The incidence of lung cancer was acquired through self-report and medical record follow-up. A multivariable logistic model adjusted for confounders was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of dietary carbohydrates, fiber, whole grains, glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) for lung cancer. Similar methods were applied in analyzing the carbohydrates and fiber from different food sources. Multinomial logistic models were used for sensitivity analysis with lung cancer subtypes as outcomes. RESULTS: Dietary carbohydrates and GL were inversely associated with lung cancer incidence in the PLCO population. Among various carbohydrates, 30-g daily consumption of dietary fiber was related to a lower risk of lung cancer (fourth vs first quartile OR: 0.62, 95 % CI: 0.54-0.72) compared with 8.8-g. Furthermore, consuming whole grains 2.3 servings per day as opposed to 0.3 servings per day was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer (OR: 0.73, 95 % CI: 0.64-0.83). A higher risk of lung cancer was seen for the consumption of high-GI food (OR: 1.19, 95 % CI: 1.05-1.35) and refined carbohydrates from soft drinks (OR: 1.23, 95 % CI: 1.04-1.46). CONCLUSION: Carbohydrates and fiber from fruits, vegetables and whole grains are associated with lower lung cancer risk. Refined carbohydrates from processed food, such as soft drinks, appear to increase risk.

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Published In

Lung Cancer

DOI

EISSN

1872-8332

Publication Date

May 2021

Volume

155

Start / End Page

87 / 93

Location

Ireland

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Prospective Studies
  • Oncology & Carcinogenesis
  • Lung Neoplasms
  • Humans
  • Glycemic Index
  • Dietary Carbohydrates
  • Diet
  • 3211 Oncology and carcinogenesis
  • 3202 Clinical sciences
 

Citation

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Tao, J., Jatoi, A., Crawford, J., Lam, W. W. T., Ho, J. C., Wang, X., & Pang, H. (2021). Role of dietary carbohydrates on risk of lung cancer. Lung Cancer, 155, 87–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.03.009
Tao, Jun, Aminah Jatoi, Jeffrey Crawford, Wendy W. T. Lam, James C. Ho, Xiaofei Wang, and Herbert Pang. “Role of dietary carbohydrates on risk of lung cancer.Lung Cancer 155 (May 2021): 87–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.03.009.
Tao J, Jatoi A, Crawford J, Lam WWT, Ho JC, Wang X, et al. Role of dietary carbohydrates on risk of lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2021 May;155:87–93.
Tao, Jun, et al. “Role of dietary carbohydrates on risk of lung cancer.Lung Cancer, vol. 155, May 2021, pp. 87–93. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.03.009.
Tao J, Jatoi A, Crawford J, Lam WWT, Ho JC, Wang X, Pang H. Role of dietary carbohydrates on risk of lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2021 May;155:87–93.
Journal cover image

Published In

Lung Cancer

DOI

EISSN

1872-8332

Publication Date

May 2021

Volume

155

Start / End Page

87 / 93

Location

Ireland

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Prospective Studies
  • Oncology & Carcinogenesis
  • Lung Neoplasms
  • Humans
  • Glycemic Index
  • Dietary Carbohydrates
  • Diet
  • 3211 Oncology and carcinogenesis
  • 3202 Clinical sciences