Inthischapter,wediscusstheconceptofmultimodalityinL2/multilingual writing by tracing its intellectual roots and reviewing its contemporary developments. Any investigation of the theoretical or pedagogical aspects of multimodal composi- tion in multilingual contexts needs to be built on an understanding of what counts as multimodality and what multimodality implies. This need for a clear understanding of multimodality becomes even greater as language studies are currently undergoing “the trans- turn,” which foregrounds the negotiability, permeability, and fluidity of the boundaries among languages and other modalities in meaning-making.