Plant "helper" immune receptors are Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels.
Plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) regulate immunity and cell death. In Arabidopsis, a subfamily of "helper" NLRs is required by many "sensor" NLRs. Active NRG1.1 oligomerized, was enriched in plasma membrane puncta, and conferred cytoplasmic calcium ion (Ca2+) influx in plant and human cells. NRG1.1-dependent Ca2+ influx and cell death were sensitive to Ca2+ channel blockers and were suppressed by mutations affecting oligomerization or plasma membrane enrichment. Ca2+ influx and cell death mediated by NRG1.1 and ACTIVATED DISEASE RESISTANCE 1 (ADR1), another helper NLR, required conserved negatively charged N-terminal residues. Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings demonstrated that Arabidopsis helper NLRs form Ca2+-permeable cation channels to directly regulate cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels and consequent cell death. Thus, helper NLRs transduce cell death signals directly.
Duke Scholars
Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats
Published In
DOI
EISSN
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Related Subject Headings
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Protein Domains
- Patch-Clamp Techniques
- NLR Proteins
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Humans
- Hela Cells
- HeLa Cells
- HEK293 Cells
- General Science & Technology
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Related Subject Headings
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Protein Domains
- Patch-Clamp Techniques
- NLR Proteins
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Humans
- Hela Cells
- HeLa Cells
- HEK293 Cells
- General Science & Technology