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Fault-tolerant control of an error-corrected qubit.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Egan, L; Debroy, DM; Noel, C; Risinger, A; Zhu, D; Biswas, D; Newman, M; Li, M; Brown, KR; Cetina, M; Monroe, C
Published in: Nature
October 2021

Quantum error correction protects fragile quantum information by encoding it into a larger quantum system1,2. These extra degrees of freedom enable the detection and correction of errors, but also increase the control complexity of the encoded logical qubit. Fault-tolerant circuits contain the spread of errors while controlling the logical qubit, and are essential for realizing error suppression in practice3-6. Although fault-tolerant design works in principle, it has not previously been demonstrated in an error-corrected physical system with native noise characteristics. Here we experimentally demonstrate fault-tolerant circuits for the preparation, measurement, rotation and stabilizer measurement of a Bacon-Shor logical qubit using 13 trapped ion qubits. When we compare these fault-tolerant protocols to non-fault-tolerant protocols, we see significant reductions in the error rates of the logical primitives in the presence of noise. The result of fault-tolerant design is an average state preparation and measurement error of 0.6 per cent and a Clifford gate error of 0.3 per cent after offline error correction. In addition, we prepare magic states with fidelities that exceed the distillation threshold7, demonstrating all of the key single-qubit ingredients required for universal fault-tolerant control. These results demonstrate that fault-tolerant circuits enable highly accurate logical primitives in current quantum systems. With improved two-qubit gates and the use of intermediate measurements, a stabilized logical qubit can be achieved.

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Published In

Nature

DOI

EISSN

1476-4687

ISSN

0028-0836

Publication Date

October 2021

Volume

598

Issue

7880

Start / End Page

281 / 286

Related Subject Headings

  • General Science & Technology
 

Citation

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Egan, L., Debroy, D. M., Noel, C., Risinger, A., Zhu, D., Biswas, D., … Monroe, C. (2021). Fault-tolerant control of an error-corrected qubit. Nature, 598(7880), 281–286. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03928-y
Egan, Laird, Dripto M. Debroy, Crystal Noel, Andrew Risinger, Daiwei Zhu, Debopriyo Biswas, Michael Newman, et al. “Fault-tolerant control of an error-corrected qubit.Nature 598, no. 7880 (October 2021): 281–86. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03928-y.
Egan L, Debroy DM, Noel C, Risinger A, Zhu D, Biswas D, et al. Fault-tolerant control of an error-corrected qubit. Nature. 2021 Oct;598(7880):281–6.
Egan, Laird, et al. “Fault-tolerant control of an error-corrected qubit.Nature, vol. 598, no. 7880, Oct. 2021, pp. 281–86. Epmc, doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03928-y.
Egan L, Debroy DM, Noel C, Risinger A, Zhu D, Biswas D, Newman M, Li M, Brown KR, Cetina M, Monroe C. Fault-tolerant control of an error-corrected qubit. Nature. 2021 Oct;598(7880):281–286.
Journal cover image

Published In

Nature

DOI

EISSN

1476-4687

ISSN

0028-0836

Publication Date

October 2021

Volume

598

Issue

7880

Start / End Page

281 / 286

Related Subject Headings

  • General Science & Technology