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Elevated Levels of Growth/Differentiation Factor-15 in the Aqueous Humor and Serum of Glaucoma Patients.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Maddala, R; Ho, LTY; Karnam, S; Navarro, I; Osterwald, A; Stinnett, SS; Ullmer, C; Vann, RR; Challa, P; Rao, PV
Published in: J Clin Med
January 29, 2022

Dysregulated levels of growth/differentiation factor-15 (GDF15), a divergent member of the transforming growth factor-beta super family, have been found to be associated with the pathology of various diseases. In this study, we evaluated the levels of GDF15 in aqueous humor (AH) and serum samples derived from primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and age- and gender-matched non-glaucoma (cataract) patients to assess the plausible association between GDF15 and POAG. GDF15 levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test, or the Kruskal-Wallis test and linear regression. GDF15 levels in the AH (n = 105) of POAG patients were significantly elevated (by 7.4-fold) compared to cataract patients (n = 117). Serum samples obtained from a subgroup of POAG patients (n = 41) also showed a significant increase in GDF15 levels (by 50%) compared to cataract patients. GDF15 levels were elevated in male, female, African American, and Caucasian POAG patients. This study reveals a significant and marked elevation of GDF15 levels in the AH of POAG patients compared to non-glaucoma cataract control patients. Although serum GDF15 levels were also elevated in POAG patients, the magnitude of difference was much smaller relative to that found in the AH.

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Published In

J Clin Med

DOI

ISSN

2077-0383

Publication Date

January 29, 2022

Volume

11

Issue

3

Location

Switzerland

Related Subject Headings

  • 32 Biomedical and clinical sciences
  • 1103 Clinical Sciences
 

Citation

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Maddala, R., Ho, L. T. Y., Karnam, S., Navarro, I., Osterwald, A., Stinnett, S. S., … Rao, P. V. (2022). Elevated Levels of Growth/Differentiation Factor-15 in the Aqueous Humor and Serum of Glaucoma Patients. J Clin Med, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030744
Maddala, Rupalatha, Leona T. Y. Ho, Shruthi Karnam, Iris Navarro, Anja Osterwald, Sandra S. Stinnett, Christoph Ullmer, Robin R. Vann, Pratap Challa, and Ponugoti V. Rao. “Elevated Levels of Growth/Differentiation Factor-15 in the Aqueous Humor and Serum of Glaucoma Patients.J Clin Med 11, no. 3 (January 29, 2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030744.
Maddala R, Ho LTY, Karnam S, Navarro I, Osterwald A, Stinnett SS, et al. Elevated Levels of Growth/Differentiation Factor-15 in the Aqueous Humor and Serum of Glaucoma Patients. J Clin Med. 2022 Jan 29;11(3).
Maddala, Rupalatha, et al. “Elevated Levels of Growth/Differentiation Factor-15 in the Aqueous Humor and Serum of Glaucoma Patients.J Clin Med, vol. 11, no. 3, Jan. 2022. Pubmed, doi:10.3390/jcm11030744.
Maddala R, Ho LTY, Karnam S, Navarro I, Osterwald A, Stinnett SS, Ullmer C, Vann RR, Challa P, Rao PV. Elevated Levels of Growth/Differentiation Factor-15 in the Aqueous Humor and Serum of Glaucoma Patients. J Clin Med. 2022 Jan 29;11(3).

Published In

J Clin Med

DOI

ISSN

2077-0383

Publication Date

January 29, 2022

Volume

11

Issue

3

Location

Switzerland

Related Subject Headings

  • 32 Biomedical and clinical sciences
  • 1103 Clinical Sciences