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Stressful life events, intimate partner violence, and perceived stress in the postpartum period: longitudinal findings in rural Pakistan.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Haight, SC; Gallis, JA; Chung, EO; Baranov, V; Bibi, A; Frost, A; Hagaman, A; Sikander, S; Maselko, J; Bates, LM
Published in: Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology
November 2022

While the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and stress is well documented, the directionality of this relationship is unclear. We use an adjusted longitudinal study design to better understand if stressful life events in the home precipitate or exacerbate intimate partner violence (IPV) and if experiences of IPV, in turn, increase levels of perceived stress.Longitudinal data were collected among married women in rural Pakistan at 12 and 24 months postpartum (N = 815). Adjusted Poisson and linear regression models were used to examine stressful life events, past year IPV and severity (number and frequency of violent acts), and perceived stress (Cohen Perceived Stress Scale).At 12 months postpartum, the prevalence of past year physical, psychological, and sexual IPV was 8.5%, 25.7%, and 25.1%, respectively, with 42.6% experiencing any IPV. After adjustment, stressful life events were associated with a subsequent increased likelihood of all IPV types and increased severity of all but physical IPV. Any past year IPV (versus none) and greater IPV severity were associated with 3.43 (95% CI 2.33-4.52) and 2.57 (95% CI 1.87-3.27) point subsequent increases in perceived stress. Physical, psychological, and sexual IPV and their respective severities were all independently associated with increased perceived stress.Among postpartum women in Pakistan, stressful life events increase the likelihood of IPV and, in turn, experiences of IPV increase stress levels. Support to families undergoing stressful circumstances may be critical to reducing women's IPV exposure and resulting elevated stress.

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Published In

Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology

DOI

EISSN

1433-9285

ISSN

0933-7954

Publication Date

November 2022

Volume

57

Issue

11

Start / End Page

2193 / 2205

Related Subject Headings

  • Stress, Psychological
  • Risk Factors
  • Psychiatry
  • Prevalence
  • Postpartum Period
  • Pakistan
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Intimate Partner Violence
  • Humans
  • Female
 

Citation

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Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Haight, S. C., Gallis, J. A., Chung, E. O., Baranov, V., Bibi, A., Frost, A., … Bates, L. M. (2022). Stressful life events, intimate partner violence, and perceived stress in the postpartum period: longitudinal findings in rural Pakistan. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 57(11), 2193–2205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-022-02354-3
Haight, Sarah C., John A. Gallis, Esther O. Chung, Victoria Baranov, Amina Bibi, Allison Frost, Ashley Hagaman, Siham Sikander, Joanna Maselko, and Lisa M. Bates. “Stressful life events, intimate partner violence, and perceived stress in the postpartum period: longitudinal findings in rural Pakistan.Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 57, no. 11 (November 2022): 2193–2205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-022-02354-3.
Haight SC, Gallis JA, Chung EO, Baranov V, Bibi A, Frost A, et al. Stressful life events, intimate partner violence, and perceived stress in the postpartum period: longitudinal findings in rural Pakistan. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology. 2022 Nov;57(11):2193–205.
Haight, Sarah C., et al. “Stressful life events, intimate partner violence, and perceived stress in the postpartum period: longitudinal findings in rural Pakistan.Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, vol. 57, no. 11, Nov. 2022, pp. 2193–205. Epmc, doi:10.1007/s00127-022-02354-3.
Haight SC, Gallis JA, Chung EO, Baranov V, Bibi A, Frost A, Hagaman A, Sikander S, Maselko J, Bates LM. Stressful life events, intimate partner violence, and perceived stress in the postpartum period: longitudinal findings in rural Pakistan. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology. 2022 Nov;57(11):2193–2205.
Journal cover image

Published In

Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology

DOI

EISSN

1433-9285

ISSN

0933-7954

Publication Date

November 2022

Volume

57

Issue

11

Start / End Page

2193 / 2205

Related Subject Headings

  • Stress, Psychological
  • Risk Factors
  • Psychiatry
  • Prevalence
  • Postpartum Period
  • Pakistan
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Intimate Partner Violence
  • Humans
  • Female