A LCMS-based untargeted lipidomics analysis of cleft palate in mouse.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that lipid metabolism was abnormal during the formation of cleft palate. However, the composition of these lipid species remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: Aims of this study were to identify the lipid species components and reveal the key lipid metabolic disorders in cleft palate formation. METHODS: The pregnant mice were divided into experimental group exposed to all-trans retinoic acid (RA-treated group) (n = 12) and control group (n = 12) at embryonic gestation day 10.5 (E0.5). The component of the palatal tissue metabolome was analyzed using a LCMS-based nontargeted lipidomics approach. Multivariate statistical analysis was then carried out to assess the differences between the RA-treated group and the control group. RESULTS: Twenty-nine lipid species were found to discriminate between RA-treated and control embryos. Among them, 28 lipid species increased and 1 lipid species decreased in the RA-treated group. Among these lipids, 13 were triglycerides, 9 were PEs, 3 were PCs, 2 were PSs, 2 were DGs. Further analysis of the number of carbons and unsaturated bond of triglycerides showed that TGs with high unsaturated bonds constituted a higher fraction in the RA-treated group. A higher amount of triglycerides containing 52, 54, 56, 58, 60 carbons, and 1 to 8 unsaturated bonds. Of note, under RA treatment, TG 50:1, 52:2, 56:6and 60:8 became the most prominent. CONCLUSION: Lipid metabolism is significantly different in the formation of cleft palate induced by RA, and the unsaturated triglycerides increased in the RA-treated group may play an important role in the formation of cleft palate.

Duke Scholars

Author Xiaoping Zhong Pediatrics, Allergy and Immunology