Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records.
The frequency of, and risk factors for, long COVID are unclear among community-based individuals with a history of COVID-19. To elucidate the burden and possible causes of long COVID in the community, we coordinated analyses of survey data from 6907 individuals with self-reported COVID-19 from 10 UK longitudinal study (LS) samples and 1.1 million individuals with COVID-19 diagnostic codes in electronic healthcare records (EHR) collected by spring 2021. Proportions of presumed COVID-19 cases in LS reporting any symptoms for 12+ weeks ranged from 7.8% and 17% (with 1.2 to 4.8% reporting debilitating symptoms). Increasing age, female sex, white ethnicity, poor pre-pandemic general and mental health, overweight/obesity, and asthma were associated with prolonged symptoms in both LS and EHR data, but findings for other factors, such as cardio-metabolic parameters, were inconclusive.
Duke Scholars
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- United Kingdom
- Surveys and Questionnaires
- Risk Factors
- Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
- Longitudinal Studies
- Humans
- Female
- Electronic Health Records
- COVID-19
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Related Subject Headings
- United Kingdom
- Surveys and Questionnaires
- Risk Factors
- Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
- Longitudinal Studies
- Humans
- Female
- Electronic Health Records
- COVID-19