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State-Level Variation in the Cumulative Prevalence of Child Welfare System Contact, 2015-2019.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Yi, Y; Edwards, F; Emanuel, N; Lee, H; Leventhal, JM; Waldfogel, J; Wildeman, C
Published in: Children and youth services review
April 2023

Prior estimates of the cumulative risks of child welfare system contact illustrate the prominence of this system in the lives of children in the United States (U.S.). However, these estimates report national data on a system administered at the state and local levels and are unable to detail potential simultaneous geographic and racial/ethnic variation in the prevalence of these events.Using 2015-2019 data from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System and Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System, we use synthetic cohort life tables to estimate cumulative state- and race/ethnicity-specific risks by age 18 of experiencing: (1) a child protective services investigation, (2) confirmed maltreatment, (3) foster care placement, and (4) termination of parental rights for children in the U.S.In the U.S., state-level investigation risks ranged from 14% to 63%, confirmed maltreatment risks from 3% to 27%, foster care placement risks from 2% to 18%, and risks of parental rights termination from 0% to 8%. Racial/ethnic disparities in these risks varied greatly across states, with larger disparities at higher levels of involvement. Whereas Black children had higher risks of all events than white children in nearly all states, Asian children had consistently lower risks. Finally, ratios comparing risks of child welfare events show these prevalences did not move in parallel, across states or racial/ethnic groups.This study provides new estimates of spatial and racial/ethnic variation in children's lifetime risks of maltreatment investigation, confirmed maltreatment, foster care placement, and termination of parental rights in the U.S., as well as relative risks of these events.

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Published In

Children and youth services review

DOI

EISSN

1873-7765

ISSN

0190-7409

Publication Date

April 2023

Volume

147

Start / End Page

106832

Related Subject Headings

  • Social Work
  • 4410 Sociology
  • 4409 Social work
  • 1607 Social Work
  • 1402 Applied Economics
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Yi, Y., Edwards, F., Emanuel, N., Lee, H., Leventhal, J. M., Waldfogel, J., & Wildeman, C. (2023). State-Level Variation in the Cumulative Prevalence of Child Welfare System Contact, 2015-2019. Children and Youth Services Review, 147, 106832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.106832
Yi, Youngmin, Frank Edwards, Natalia Emanuel, Hedwig Lee, John M. Leventhal, Jane Waldfogel, and Christopher Wildeman. “State-Level Variation in the Cumulative Prevalence of Child Welfare System Contact, 2015-2019.Children and Youth Services Review 147 (April 2023): 106832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.106832.
Yi Y, Edwards F, Emanuel N, Lee H, Leventhal JM, Waldfogel J, et al. State-Level Variation in the Cumulative Prevalence of Child Welfare System Contact, 2015-2019. Children and youth services review. 2023 Apr;147:106832.
Yi, Youngmin, et al. “State-Level Variation in the Cumulative Prevalence of Child Welfare System Contact, 2015-2019.Children and Youth Services Review, vol. 147, Apr. 2023, p. 106832. Epmc, doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.106832.
Yi Y, Edwards F, Emanuel N, Lee H, Leventhal JM, Waldfogel J, Wildeman C. State-Level Variation in the Cumulative Prevalence of Child Welfare System Contact, 2015-2019. Children and youth services review. 2023 Apr;147:106832.
Journal cover image

Published In

Children and youth services review

DOI

EISSN

1873-7765

ISSN

0190-7409

Publication Date

April 2023

Volume

147

Start / End Page

106832

Related Subject Headings

  • Social Work
  • 4410 Sociology
  • 4409 Social work
  • 1607 Social Work
  • 1402 Applied Economics