Obstetric risk assessment is an important component of comprehensive obstetric care. It is a tool used to evaluate the medical, psychosocial, familial, and environmental factors that increase the chance of an adverse outcome. Such outcomes may involve the mother, the infant, or both. Risk assessment collects and organizes data obtained from a pertinent history, physical examination, and laboratory assessment into an accurate and easily retrievable medical record. It can be used to adapt diagnostic or therapeutic management plans, arrange consultation or shared care with another specialist, or tailor anticipatory guidance and patient and family education.