Scholars@Duke publication: A hospital-based prevalence survey of bloodstream infections in febrile patients in Malawi: implications for diagnosis and therapy.

A hospital-based prevalence survey of bloodstream infections in febrile patients in Malawi: implications for diagnosis and therapy.

Publication , Journal Article

Archibald, LK; McDonald, LC; Nwanyanwu, O; Kazembe, P; Dobbie, H; Tokars, J; Reller, LB; Jarvis, WR

Published in: J Infect Dis

April 2000

The etiology of bloodstream infections (BSIs) in febrile (> or =37.5 degrees C) adults (> or =18 years old) in one Malawi hospital were determined during August and September 1997. After clinical evaluation, blood was drawn for comprehensive culture, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 testing, and malaria smear. Of 233 patients, 173 (74%) were HIV-1 infected, and 70 (30%) had BSI. BSI pathogens included 25 (33%) Streptococcus pneumoniae and 21 (28%) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nine patients (4%) had malaria parasitemia. BSIs were more likely in HIV-1-positive than in -negative patients (62/173 vs. 8/60, P<.01). Clinical predictors of BSI included HIV-1 infection and altered mental status. Mortality among inpatients with BSI was higher than among those without BSI (P<.001). In conclusion, S. pneumoniae and M. tuberculosis are frequent causes of BSI in febrile adults. Similar surveys, performed periodically in developing countries, may assist in the identification of clinical predictors of BSI and in planning appropriate therapy.

Duke Scholars

Author Lyman Barth Reller Pathology

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Published In

J Infect Dis

DOI

10.1086/315367

ISSN

0022-1899

Publication Date

April 2000

Volume

181

Issue

Start / End Page

1414 / 1420

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

Tuberculosis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcal Infections
Sepsis
Prospective Studies
Prevalence
Middle Aged
Microbiology
Male
Malawi

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Chicago

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MLA

NLM

Archibald, L. K., McDonald, L. C., Nwanyanwu, O., Kazembe, P., Dobbie, H., Tokars, J., … Jarvis, W. R. (2000). A hospital-based prevalence survey of bloodstream infections in febrile patients in Malawi: implications for diagnosis and therapy. J Infect Dis, 181(4), 1414–1420. https://doi.org/10.1086/315367

Archibald, L. K., L. C. McDonald, O. Nwanyanwu, P. Kazembe, H. Dobbie, J. Tokars, L. B. Reller, and W. R. Jarvis. “A hospital-based prevalence survey of bloodstream infections in febrile patients in Malawi: implications for diagnosis and therapy.” J Infect Dis 181, no. 4 (April 2000): 1414–20. https://doi.org/10.1086/315367.

Archibald LK, McDonald LC, Nwanyanwu O, Kazembe P, Dobbie H, Tokars J, et al. A hospital-based prevalence survey of bloodstream infections in febrile patients in Malawi: implications for diagnosis and therapy. J Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;181(4):1414–20.

Archibald, L. K., et al. “A hospital-based prevalence survey of bloodstream infections in febrile patients in Malawi: implications for diagnosis and therapy.” J Infect Dis, vol. 181, no. 4, Apr. 2000, pp. 1414–20. Pubmed, doi:10.1086/315367.

Archibald LK, McDonald LC, Nwanyanwu O, Kazembe P, Dobbie H, Tokars J, Reller LB, Jarvis WR. A hospital-based prevalence survey of bloodstream infections in febrile patients in Malawi: implications for diagnosis and therapy. J Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;181(4):1414–1420.