Effect of point-of-use disinfection, flocculation and combined flocculation-disinfection on drinking water quality in western Kenya.
Journal Article (Journal Article)
AIMS: Point-of-use drinking water disinfection with sodium hypochlorite has been shown to improve water quality and reduce diarrhoeal disease. However, the chlorine demand of highly turbid water may render sodium hypochlorite less effective. METHODS AND RESULTS: We evaluated a novel combined flocculant-disinfectant point-of-use water treatment product and compared its effect on drinking water quality with existing technologies in western Kenya. In water from 30 sources, combined flocculant-disinfectant reduced Escherichia coli concentrations to <1 CFU100 ml(-1) for 29 (97%) and reduced turbidity to <5 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) for 26 (87%). By contrast, water from 30 sources treated with sodium hypochlorite reduced E. coli concentrations to <1 CFU 100 ml(-1) for 25 (83%) and turbidity to <5 NTU for 5 (17%). CONCLUSIONS: For source waters over a range of turbidities in western Kenya, combined flocculant-disinfectant product effectively reduces turbidity to <5 NTU and reduces E. coli concentrations to <1 CFU 100 ml(-1). SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The novel flocculant-disinfectant product may be acceptable to consumers and may be effective in reducing diarrhoeal disease in settings where source water is highly turbid.
Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Crump, JA; Okoth, GO; Slutsker, L; Ogaja, DO; Keswick, BH; Luby, SP
Published Date
- 2004
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 97 / 1
Start / End Page
- 225 - 231
PubMed ID
- 15186460
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
- 1364-5072
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02309.x
Language
- eng
Conference Location
- England