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Nonmucosal alphavirus vaccination stimulates a mucosal inductive environment in the peripheral draining lymph node.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Thompson, JM; Nicholson, MG; Whitmore, AC; Zamora, M; West, A; Iwasaki, A; Staats, HF; Johnston, RE
Published in: J Immunol
July 1, 2008

The strongest mucosal immune responses are induced following mucosal Ag delivery and processing in the mucosal lymphoid tissues, and much is known regarding the immunological parameters which regulate immune induction via this pathway. Recently, experimental systems have been identified in which mucosal immune responses are induced following nonmucosal Ag delivery. One such system, footpad delivery of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles (VRP), led to the local production of IgA Abs directed against both expressed and codelivered Ags at multiple mucosal surfaces in mice. In contrast to the mucosal delivery pathway, little is known regarding the lymphoid structures and immunological components that are responsible for mucosal immune induction following nonmucosal delivery. In this study, we have used footpad delivery of VRP to probe the constituents of this alternative pathway for mucosal immune induction. Following nonmucosal VRP delivery, J chain-containing, polymeric IgA Abs were detected in the peripheral draining lymph node (DLN), at a time before IgA detection at mucosal surfaces. Further analysis of the VRP DLN revealed up-regulated alpha4beta7 integrin expression on DLN B cells, expression of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 on the DLN high endothelia venules, and production of IL-6 and CC chemokines, all characteristics of mucosal lymphoid tissues. Taken together, these results implicate the peripheral DLN as an integral component of an alternative pathway for mucosal immune induction. A further understanding of the critical immunological and viral components of this pathway may significantly improve both our knowledge of viral-induced immunity and the efficacy of viral-based vaccines.

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Published In

J Immunol

DOI

ISSN

0022-1767

Publication Date

July 1, 2008

Volume

181

Issue

1

Start / End Page

574 / 585

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Virion
  • Vaccination
  • Up-Regulation
  • Tissue Culture Techniques
  • Time Factors
  • Mucous Membrane
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice
  • Lymph Nodes
  • Integrins
 

Citation

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Thompson, J. M., Nicholson, M. G., Whitmore, A. C., Zamora, M., West, A., Iwasaki, A., … Johnston, R. E. (2008). Nonmucosal alphavirus vaccination stimulates a mucosal inductive environment in the peripheral draining lymph node. J Immunol, 181(1), 574–585. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.181.1.574
Thompson, Joseph M., Michael G. Nicholson, Alan C. Whitmore, Melodie Zamora, Ande West, Akiko Iwasaki, Herman F. Staats, and Robert E. Johnston. “Nonmucosal alphavirus vaccination stimulates a mucosal inductive environment in the peripheral draining lymph node.J Immunol 181, no. 1 (July 1, 2008): 574–85. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.181.1.574.
Thompson JM, Nicholson MG, Whitmore AC, Zamora M, West A, Iwasaki A, et al. Nonmucosal alphavirus vaccination stimulates a mucosal inductive environment in the peripheral draining lymph node. J Immunol. 2008 Jul 1;181(1):574–85.
Thompson, Joseph M., et al. “Nonmucosal alphavirus vaccination stimulates a mucosal inductive environment in the peripheral draining lymph node.J Immunol, vol. 181, no. 1, July 2008, pp. 574–85. Pubmed, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.181.1.574.
Thompson JM, Nicholson MG, Whitmore AC, Zamora M, West A, Iwasaki A, Staats HF, Johnston RE. Nonmucosal alphavirus vaccination stimulates a mucosal inductive environment in the peripheral draining lymph node. J Immunol. 2008 Jul 1;181(1):574–585.

Published In

J Immunol

DOI

ISSN

0022-1767

Publication Date

July 1, 2008

Volume

181

Issue

1

Start / End Page

574 / 585

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Virion
  • Vaccination
  • Up-Regulation
  • Tissue Culture Techniques
  • Time Factors
  • Mucous Membrane
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice
  • Lymph Nodes
  • Integrins