Thoracoscopic strategies are becoming increasingly utilized in the management of patients with thoracic disease processes, including primary pulmonary malignancy, secondary pulmonary malignancy, granulomatous lung disease, and pleural processes. Although minimally invasive approaches have been demonstrated to improve outcomes and reduce complications, as compared to the conventional approach, the prevention, early recognition, and effective management of complications after thoracoscopic pulmonary resection are still critical factors in optimizing outcomes.