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Molecular evidence that the range of the Vancouver Island outbreak of Cryptococcus gattii infection has expanded into the Pacific Northwest in the United States.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Byrnes, EJ; Bildfell, RJ; Frank, SA; Mitchell, TG; Marr, KA; Heitman, J
Published in: J Infect Dis
April 1, 2009

Cryptococcus neoformans frequently causes fungal meningitis in immunocompromised patients, whereas the related species C. gattii is restricted to tropical and subtropical regions,where it usually infects immunocompetent individuals.An outbreak of C. gattii infection that began in 1999 on Vancouver Island has resulted in endemic C. gattii infection and caused numerous human and veterinary infections; the outbreak's range has spread to mainland British Columbia. The outbreak-related isolates have been molecular type VGIIa, the major genotype, or VGIIb, the minor genotype. Since 2006, human and veterinary cases of C. gattii infection have emerged in Washington and Oregon. Multilocus sequence typing demonstrates the spread of C. gattii VGIIa and VGIIb from Vancouver Island to the Pacific Northwest. Clinical strains recovered in Oregon represent a unique VGIIc genotype.

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Published In

J Infect Dis

DOI

ISSN

0022-1899

Publication Date

April 1, 2009

Volume

199

Issue

7

Start / End Page

1081 / 1086

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Northwestern United States
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Microbiology
  • Humans
  • Genotype
  • Disease Outbreaks
  • Cryptococcus
  • Cryptococcosis
  • British Columbia
  • Animals
 

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Byrnes, E. J., Bildfell, R. J., Frank, S. A., Mitchell, T. G., Marr, K. A., & Heitman, J. (2009). Molecular evidence that the range of the Vancouver Island outbreak of Cryptococcus gattii infection has expanded into the Pacific Northwest in the United States. J Infect Dis, 199(7), 1081–1086. https://doi.org/10.1086/597306
Byrnes, Edmond J., Robert J. Bildfell, Sheryl A. Frank, Thomas G. Mitchell, Kieren A. Marr, and Joseph Heitman. “Molecular evidence that the range of the Vancouver Island outbreak of Cryptococcus gattii infection has expanded into the Pacific Northwest in the United States.J Infect Dis 199, no. 7 (April 1, 2009): 1081–86. https://doi.org/10.1086/597306.
Byrnes EJ, Bildfell RJ, Frank SA, Mitchell TG, Marr KA, Heitman J. Molecular evidence that the range of the Vancouver Island outbreak of Cryptococcus gattii infection has expanded into the Pacific Northwest in the United States. J Infect Dis. 2009 Apr 1;199(7):1081–6.
Byrnes, Edmond J., et al. “Molecular evidence that the range of the Vancouver Island outbreak of Cryptococcus gattii infection has expanded into the Pacific Northwest in the United States.J Infect Dis, vol. 199, no. 7, Apr. 2009, pp. 1081–86. Pubmed, doi:10.1086/597306.
Byrnes EJ, Bildfell RJ, Frank SA, Mitchell TG, Marr KA, Heitman J. Molecular evidence that the range of the Vancouver Island outbreak of Cryptococcus gattii infection has expanded into the Pacific Northwest in the United States. J Infect Dis. 2009 Apr 1;199(7):1081–1086.
Journal cover image

Published In

J Infect Dis

DOI

ISSN

0022-1899

Publication Date

April 1, 2009

Volume

199

Issue

7

Start / End Page

1081 / 1086

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Northwestern United States
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Microbiology
  • Humans
  • Genotype
  • Disease Outbreaks
  • Cryptococcus
  • Cryptococcosis
  • British Columbia
  • Animals