Low-dose mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus infection restricts early replication kinetics and transmitted virus variants in rhesus monkeys.
Journal Article (Journal Article)
Defining the earliest virologic events following human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission may be critical for the design of vaccine strategies aimed at blocking acquisition of HIV-1 infection. In particular, the length of the eclipse phase and the number of transmitted virus variants may define the window in which a prophylactic vaccine must act. Here we show that the dose of the virus inoculum affects these key virologic parameters following intrarectal simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of rhesus monkeys. Low-dose SIV infection resulted in a lengthened eclipse phase, fewer transmitted virus variants, and decreased innate immune activation compared with these parameters in high-dose SIV infection. These data suggest a mechanism by which it may be considerably easier for a vaccine to protect against low-risk HIV-1 transmission than against high-risk HIV-1 transmission. These findings have implications for the design and interpretation of HIV-1 vaccine efficacy studies.
Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Liu, J; Keele, BF; Li, H; Keating, S; Norris, PJ; Carville, A; Mansfield, KG; Tomaras, GD; Haynes, BF; Kolodkin-Gal, D; Letvin, NL; Hahn, BH; Shaw, GM; Barouch, DH
Published Date
- October 2010
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 84 / 19
Start / End Page
- 10406 - 10412
PubMed ID
- 20686016
Pubmed Central ID
- PMC2937794
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 1098-5514
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.1128/JVI.01155-10
Language
- eng
Conference Location
- United States