Smoking in Vietnam combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder.
Journal Article (Journal Article)
The present study investigated smoking prevalence, smoking motives, demographic variables and psychological symptoms in 124 help-seeking, male Vietnam combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A high percentage of these veterans smoked (60%). Vietnam veterans with PTSD who smoked were more likely than those who did not smoke to report higher levels of PTSD symptoms, depression and trait anxiety. Increased depression was associated with increased automatic smoking. Smokers reported a high frequency of smoking in response to military memories. Implications for smoking interventions, cessation, and relapse prevention efforts are discussed.
Full Text
Duke Authors
- Beckham, Jean Crowell
- Fairbank, John A.
- Hertzberg, Michael Andrew
- Kudler, Harold S
- Levin, Edward Daniel
- Rose, Jed Eugene
- Shipley, Robert H.
Cited Authors
- Beckham, JC; Roodman, AA; Shipley, RH; Hertzberg, MA; Cunha, GH; Kudler, HS; Levin, ED; Rose, JE; Fairbank, JA
Published Date
- July 1995
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 8 / 3
Start / End Page
- 461 - 472
PubMed ID
- 7582610
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
- 0894-9867
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.1007/BF02102970
Language
- eng
Conference Location
- United States