Six patients who developed affective psychoses following renal transplantation ae reported. Each patient was treated, with careful management, with an appropriate somatic therapy (including phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, electroconvulsive treatments and lithium carbonate). The results of this treatment approach were uniformaly successful. The similarity ofthe affective psychoses that developed in this patient population and those previously described psychoses attributed to steroid therapy is commented upon.