Skip to main content

Dietary nitrate supplementation enhances exercise performance in peripheral arterial disease.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Kenjale, AA; Ham, KL; Stabler, T; Robbins, JL; Johnson, JL; Vanbruggen, M; Privette, G; Yim, E; Kraus, WE; Allen, JD
Published in: J Appl Physiol (1985)
June 2011

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) results in a failure to adequately supply blood and oxygen (O(2)) to working tissues and presents as claudication pain during walking. Nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is essential for vascular health and function. Plasma nitrite (NO(2)(-)) is a marker of vascular NO production but may also be a protected circulating "source" that can be converted to NO during hypoxic conditions, possibly aiding perfusion. We hypothesized that dietary supplementation of inorganic nitrate in the form of beetroot (BR) juice would increase plasma NO(2)(-) concentration, increase exercise tolerance, and decrease gastrocnemius fractional O(2) extraction, compared with placebo (PL). This was a randomized, open-label, crossover study. At each visit, subjects (n = 8) underwent resting blood draws, followed by consumption of 500 ml BR or PL and subsequent blood draws prior to, during, and following a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) test. Gastrocnemius oxygenation during the CPX was measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. There were no changes from rest for [NO(2)(-)] (152 ± 72 nM) following PL. BR increased plasma [NO(2)(-)] after 3 h (943 ± 826 nM; P ≤ 0.01). Subjects walked 18% longer before the onset of claudication pain (183 ± 84 s vs. 215 ± 99 s; P ≤ 0.01) and had a 17% longer peak walking time (467 ± 223 s vs. 533 ± 233 s; P ≤ 0.05) following BR vs. PL. Gastrocnemius tissue fractional O(2) extraction was lower during exercise following BR (7.3 ± 6.2 vs. 10.4 ± 6.1 arbitrary units; P ≤ 0.01). Diastolic blood pressure was lower in the BR group at rest and during CPX testing (P ≤ 0.05). These findings support the hypothesis that NO(2)(-)-related NO signaling increases peripheral tissue oxygenation in areas of hypoxia and increases exercise tolerance in PAD.

Duke Scholars

Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats

Published In

J Appl Physiol (1985)

DOI

EISSN

1522-1601

Publication Date

June 2011

Volume

110

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1582 / 1591

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Walking
  • Vasodilation
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Time Factors
  • Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
  • Plant Roots
  • Physiology
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease
  • Oxyhemoglobins
  • Oxygen Consumption
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Kenjale, A. A., Ham, K. L., Stabler, T., Robbins, J. L., Johnson, J. L., Vanbruggen, M., … Allen, J. D. (2011). Dietary nitrate supplementation enhances exercise performance in peripheral arterial disease. J Appl Physiol (1985), 110(6), 1582–1591. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00071.2011
Kenjale, Aarti A., Katherine L. Ham, Thomas Stabler, Jennifer L. Robbins, Johanna L. Johnson, Mitch Vanbruggen, Grayson Privette, Eunji Yim, William E. Kraus, and Jason D. Allen. “Dietary nitrate supplementation enhances exercise performance in peripheral arterial disease.J Appl Physiol (1985) 110, no. 6 (June 2011): 1582–91. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00071.2011.
Kenjale AA, Ham KL, Stabler T, Robbins JL, Johnson JL, Vanbruggen M, et al. Dietary nitrate supplementation enhances exercise performance in peripheral arterial disease. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2011 Jun;110(6):1582–91.
Kenjale, Aarti A., et al. “Dietary nitrate supplementation enhances exercise performance in peripheral arterial disease.J Appl Physiol (1985), vol. 110, no. 6, June 2011, pp. 1582–91. Pubmed, doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00071.2011.
Kenjale AA, Ham KL, Stabler T, Robbins JL, Johnson JL, Vanbruggen M, Privette G, Yim E, Kraus WE, Allen JD. Dietary nitrate supplementation enhances exercise performance in peripheral arterial disease. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2011 Jun;110(6):1582–1591.

Published In

J Appl Physiol (1985)

DOI

EISSN

1522-1601

Publication Date

June 2011

Volume

110

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1582 / 1591

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Walking
  • Vasodilation
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Time Factors
  • Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
  • Plant Roots
  • Physiology
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease
  • Oxyhemoglobins
  • Oxygen Consumption