Functionalization density dependence of single-walled carbon nanotubes cytotoxicity in vitro.
Journal Article (Journal Article)
The cytotoxic response of cells in culture is dependant on the degree of functionalization of the single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT). After characterizing a set of water-dispersible SWNTs, we performed in vitro cytotoxicity screens on cultured human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). The SWNT samples used in this exposure include SWNT-phenyl-SO(3)H and SWNT-phenyl-SO(3)Na (six samples with carbon/-phenyl-SO(3)X ratios of 18, 41, and 80), SWNT-phenyl-(COOH)(2) (one sample with carbon/-phenyl-(COOH)(2) ratio of 23), and underivatized SWNT stabilized in 1% Pluronic F108. We have found that as the degree of sidewall functionalization increases, the SWNT sample becomes less cytotoxic. Further, sidewall functionalized SWNT samples are substantially less cytotoxic than surfactant stabilized SWNTs. Even though cell death did not exceed 50% for cells dosed with sidewall functionalized SWNTs, optical and atomic force microscopies show direct contact between cellular membranes and water-dispersible SWNTs; i.e. the SWNTs in aqueous suspension precipitate out and selectively deposit on the membrane.
Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Sayes, CM; Liang, F; Hudson, JL; Mendez, J; Guo, W; Beach, JM; Moore, VC; Doyle, CD; West, JL; Billups, WE; Ausman, KD; Colvin, VL
Published Date
- February 2006
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 161 / 2
Start / End Page
- 135 - 142
PubMed ID
- 16229976
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 1879-3169
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
- 0378-4274
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.08.011
Language
- eng