Vesicoureteral reflux is a common cause of pediatric morbidity. Though traditionally managed using a limited number of therapeutic modalities, the last decade has witnessed countless surgical innovations for treating reflux. A major force behind this innovation is the increasing use of endoscopic injection, which currently constitutes nearly half of all anti-reflux procedures performed in the United States. However, published success rates for injection vary dramatically. Despite a relative lack of comparative data, multiple studies have attempted to define the most important prognostic factors for injection success. This article is an attempt to summarize these findings.