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Psychosocial stressors and cigarette smoking among African American adults in midlife.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Slopen, N; Dutra, LM; Williams, DR; Mujahid, MS; Lewis, TT; Bennett, GG; Ryff, CD; Albert, MA
Published in: Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
October 2012

Psychosocial stress is a significant risk factor for smoking, and Blacks experience higher levels of psychosocial stress relative to other racial/ethnic groups. Limited research has comprehensively examined psychosocial stressors in relation to smoking among Blacks.We examined psychosocial stressors in relation to smoking status (current, previous, and never) in middle-aged Blacks (34-85 years, n = 592) from Milwaukee, Wisconsin, a subset of the Midlife in the United States Study II (2004-2006). Eleven stressor domains were assessed, including psychological and physical work stress, work-family conflict, perceived inequality, relationship stress, neighborhood stress, discrimination, financial stress, recent problems, stressful events, and childhood adversity. We also calculated a cumulative score. Multinomial models were adjusted for age, gender, education, and income.Seven of the 11 stressors and the cumulative score were associated with higher odds of being a current smoker compared with a never-smoker: neighborhood, financial, relationship, and psychological work stress, perceived inequality, stressful events, childhood adversity (p values <.05; ORs ranged from 1.28 to 1.77). Three stressors and the cumulative score were associated with higher odds of being a previous smoker versus a never-smoker (p < .05). Individuals who scored in the top quartile on 5 or more stressors were 3.74 (95% CI = 2.09-6.71) times as likely to be current smokers, and more than twice as likely to be previous smokers, compared with individuals with no high stressors.These results demonstrate a strong relationship between stress and smoking among urban middle-aged Blacks and suggest that cessation programs should address modifiable individual and community-level stressors.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

DOI

EISSN

1469-994X

ISSN

1462-2203

Publication Date

October 2012

Volume

14

Issue

10

Start / End Page

1161 / 1169

Related Subject Headings

  • Wisconsin
  • Stress, Psychological
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Smoking
  • Risk Factors
  • Residence Characteristics
  • Public Health
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Life Change Events
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Slopen, N., Dutra, L. M., Williams, D. R., Mujahid, M. S., Lewis, T. T., Bennett, G. G., … Albert, M. A. (2012). Psychosocial stressors and cigarette smoking among African American adults in midlife. Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 14(10), 1161–1169. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nts011
Slopen, Natalie, Lauren M. Dutra, David R. Williams, Mahasin S. Mujahid, Tené T. Lewis, Gary G. Bennett, Carol D. Ryff, and Michelle A. Albert. “Psychosocial stressors and cigarette smoking among African American adults in midlife.Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 14, no. 10 (October 2012): 1161–69. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nts011.
Slopen N, Dutra LM, Williams DR, Mujahid MS, Lewis TT, Bennett GG, et al. Psychosocial stressors and cigarette smoking among African American adults in midlife. Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. 2012 Oct;14(10):1161–9.
Slopen, Natalie, et al. “Psychosocial stressors and cigarette smoking among African American adults in midlife.Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, vol. 14, no. 10, Oct. 2012, pp. 1161–69. Epmc, doi:10.1093/ntr/nts011.
Slopen N, Dutra LM, Williams DR, Mujahid MS, Lewis TT, Bennett GG, Ryff CD, Albert MA. Psychosocial stressors and cigarette smoking among African American adults in midlife. Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. 2012 Oct;14(10):1161–1169.
Journal cover image

Published In

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

DOI

EISSN

1469-994X

ISSN

1462-2203

Publication Date

October 2012

Volume

14

Issue

10

Start / End Page

1161 / 1169

Related Subject Headings

  • Wisconsin
  • Stress, Psychological
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Smoking
  • Risk Factors
  • Residence Characteristics
  • Public Health
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Life Change Events