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Primary blast survival and injury risk assessment for repeated blast exposures.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Panzer, MB; Bass, CRD; Rafaels, KA; Shridharani, J; Capehart, BP
Published in: The journal of trauma and acute care surgery
February 2012

The widespread use of explosives by modern insurgents and terrorists has increased the potential frequency of blast exposure in soldiers and civilians. This growing threat highlights the importance of understanding and evaluating blast injury risk and the increase of injury risk from exposure to repeated blast effects.Data from more than 3,250 large animal experiments were collected from studies focusing on the effects of blast exposure. The current study uses 2,349 experiments from the data collection for analysis of the primary blast injury and survival risk for both long- and short-duration blasts, including the effects from repeated exposures. A piecewise linear logistic regression was performed on the data to develop survival and injury risk assessment curves.New injury risk assessment curves uniting long- and short-duration blasts were developed for incident and reflected pressure measures and were used to evaluate the risk of injury based on blast over pressure, positive-phase duration, and the number of repeated exposures. The risk assessments were derived for three levels of injury severity: nonauditory, pulmonary, and fatality. The analysis showed a marked initial decrease in injury tolerance with each subsequent blast exposure. This effect decreases with increasing number of blast exposures.The new injury risk functions showed good agreement with the existing experimental data and provided a simplified model for primary blast injury risk. This model can be used to predict blast injury or fatality risk for single exposure and repeated exposure cases and has application in modern combat scenarios or in setting occupational health limits.

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Published In

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery

DOI

EISSN

2163-0763

ISSN

2163-0755

Publication Date

February 2012

Volume

72

Issue

2

Start / End Page

454 / 466

Related Subject Headings

  • Survival Analysis
  • Risk Assessment
  • ROC Curve
  • Logistic Models
  • Injury Severity Score
  • Emergency & Critical Care Medicine
  • Blast Injuries
  • Bayes Theorem
  • Animals
  • 4205 Nursing
 

Citation

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Panzer, M. B., Bass, C. R. D., Rafaels, K. A., Shridharani, J., & Capehart, B. P. (2012). Primary blast survival and injury risk assessment for repeated blast exposures. The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 72(2), 454–466. https://doi.org/10.1097/ta.0b013e31821e8270
Panzer, Matthew B., Cameron R Dale Bass, Karin A. Rafaels, Jay Shridharani, and Bruce P. Capehart. “Primary blast survival and injury risk assessment for repeated blast exposures.The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery 72, no. 2 (February 2012): 454–66. https://doi.org/10.1097/ta.0b013e31821e8270.
Panzer MB, Bass CRD, Rafaels KA, Shridharani J, Capehart BP. Primary blast survival and injury risk assessment for repeated blast exposures. The journal of trauma and acute care surgery. 2012 Feb;72(2):454–66.
Panzer, Matthew B., et al. “Primary blast survival and injury risk assessment for repeated blast exposures.The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, vol. 72, no. 2, Feb. 2012, pp. 454–66. Epmc, doi:10.1097/ta.0b013e31821e8270.
Panzer MB, Bass CRD, Rafaels KA, Shridharani J, Capehart BP. Primary blast survival and injury risk assessment for repeated blast exposures. The journal of trauma and acute care surgery. 2012 Feb;72(2):454–466.

Published In

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery

DOI

EISSN

2163-0763

ISSN

2163-0755

Publication Date

February 2012

Volume

72

Issue

2

Start / End Page

454 / 466

Related Subject Headings

  • Survival Analysis
  • Risk Assessment
  • ROC Curve
  • Logistic Models
  • Injury Severity Score
  • Emergency & Critical Care Medicine
  • Blast Injuries
  • Bayes Theorem
  • Animals
  • 4205 Nursing