Assessment of retrograde cardioplegia distribution using contrast echocardiography.
Journal Article (Journal Article)
Retrograde cardioplegia has gained popularity in coronary and noncoronary cardiac operations. We have used contrast echocardiography in the open-chest canine model to compare the distribution of cardioplegia delivered antegrade in the aortic root versus retrograde through the coronary sinus, and to determine the effect of coronary occlusion on that delivery. With no coronary occlusion, antegrade cardioplegia was distributed to the entire left ventricle and septum whereas retrograde cardioplegia was distributed to the left ventricular free wall but had inconsistent delivery to the septum. Acute occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery resulted in 57.06% +/- 9.52% of the left ventricle not being perfused by antegrade cardioplegia and occlusion of both the left circumflex and anterior descending coronary arteries caused a 65.46% +/- 18.5% reduction in perfusion by antegrade cardioplegia. Acute coronary occlusion had no effect on retrograde cardioplegia distribution. We conclude that retrograde cardioplegia is less homogeneous than antegrade cardioplegia in the intact coronary circulation but that retrograde cardioplegia preserves cardioplegia distal to acutely occluded coronary arteries. Furthermore, contrast echocardiography is a useful method of assessing myocardial perfusion and may have useful clinical applications.
Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Aronson, S; Lee, BK; Liddicoat, JR; Wiencek, JG; Feinstein, SB; Ellis, JE; Roizen, MF; Karp, RB
Published Date
- October 1991
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 52 / 4
Start / End Page
- 810 - 814
PubMed ID
- 1929634
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
- 0003-4975
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.1016/0003-4975(91)91216-i
Language
- eng
Conference Location
- Netherlands